In order to provide a backup plan for double-ended fault location scheme when data communication and synchronization are not effective or available, a single-ended fault location method is proposed using traveling wave (TW) theory. The time-frequency characteristics is utilized to extract fault feature for fault location estimation. Specifically, Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) is adopted and further improved with singular entropy based parameter optimization and TW arrivals can be clearly identified via intrinsic mode function (IMF) result. In order to solve the issue of highly attenuated TW front, Teager Energy Operator (TEO) is used to visualize the singular points in IMF and the peaks in TEO spectrum indicate the fault TW arrivals. Moreover, frequency-dependent TW propagation velocity is determined by center frequency of selected IMF to enhance accuracy. The fault simulation is performed on the platform PSCAD/EMTDC based on example model of 15-bus CIGRE HVDC system and MATLAB is used for signal processing and algorithm development. The effectiveness and superiority of this method is verified with simulation study considering potential influence.

为了在数据通信和同步无效或不可用时为双端故障定位方案提供备份方案，提出了一种基于行波理论的单端故障定位方法。时频特性被用于提取故障特征以进行故障位置估计。具体来说，采用变分模式分解（VMD）并通过基于奇异熵的参数优化进一步改进，并且可以通过固有模式函数（IMF）结果清楚地识别TW到达。为了解决TW前沿高度衰减的问题，使用Teager能量算子（TEO）可视化IMF中的奇异点，TEO谱中的峰值表示TW的故障到达。此外，取决于频率的TW传播速度由所选IMF的中心频率确定，以提高准确性。基于15总线CIGRE HVDC系统的示例模型，在PSCAD / EMTDC平台上进行了故障仿真，并将MATLAB用于信号处理和算法开发。考虑潜在影响的仿真研究验证了该方法的有效性和优越性。