Capsicum baccatum is one of the main chili peppers cultivated in South America. However, most studies on genetics and breeding have focused on C. annuum, and not C. baccatum. To gain more insights into C. baccatum genetics and breeding, this work estimated the combinatorial abilities of dedo-de-moça-type chili peppers (C. baccatum var. pendulum) in relation to morphoagronomic and biochemical traits, determined the genetic action involved in the expression of these traits, and identified the superior hybrid combinations. Crosses among the five genotypes in a full diallel mating design resulted in 20 F₁ hybrids. Morphoagronomic, phytochemical, and antioxidant data were obtained, and Griffing’s diallel model was used to estimate the general and specific combining ability (GCA and SCA, respectively) as well as the reciprocal effect (RE). High diversity was observed for all traits among the parents and hybrids. Significant effects of GCA, SCA, and RE were also detected for the majority of traits, indicating that additive, non-additive, and cytoplasmic effects are involved in the genetic control of these traits. The non-additive effects were predominant for most traits, and the ‘BRS Mari’ × ‘Mexicali’ and ‘BRS Mari’ × ‘Hortivale’ hybrids were the most promising in terms of their yield per plant and their biochemical traits.

辣椒粉是南美种植的主要辣椒之一。但是，大多数关于遗传学和育种的研究都侧重于C. annuum，而不是C. baccatum。为了获得更深入的理解风铃辣椒遗传育种，这项工作估计的组合能力DEDO-DE-MOCA型辣椒（风铃变种摆）就morphoagronomic和生化指标，确定参与遗传作用这些特性的表达，并确定了优良的杂交组合。完整的Dialell交配设计中五个基因型之间的杂交导致20 F ₁杂种。获得形态学，植物化学和抗氧化剂数据，并使用格里芬的Diallel模型估计总体和特异性结合能力（分别为GCA和SCA）以及相互效应（RE）。亲本和杂种间所有性状的多样性都很高。对于大多数性状，还检测到了GCA，SCA和RE的显著作用，表明加性，非加性和细胞质作用与这些性状的遗传控制有关。就大多数性状而言，非加性效应最为明显，就其单株产量及其生化性状而言，“ BRS Mari”ד Mexicali”和“ BRS Mari”ד Hortivale”杂种最有希望。