The purpose of underwater acoustic sensor networks (UWASNs) is to find varied applications for ocean monitoring and exploration of offshore. In majority of these applications, the network comprises of several sensor nodes deployed at different depths in water. The sensor nodes which are situated in depth, at the sea bed, are unable to communicate unswervingly with those nodes which are close to the surface level; these nodes necessitate multi-hop communication which is facilitated by suitable routing plan. The working of UWASNs is affected by some constraints like high transmission delay, energy consumption, deployment, long propagation delay and high attenuation. Apart from this, the existence of void region in the route can also affect the overall performance of UWASNs. So, the void region can be avoided by considering the best forwarder node. The selection of the best forwarder node depends on depth variance, depth difference, residual energy, and link quality. Apart from this, an angle is also considered to select the best forwarder node. This paper presents an energy efficient and void region avoidance routing. The concept of grey wolf optimization algorithm is used here to select the best forwarder node. The proposed work increases the network lifetime by avoiding the void region and also balancing the network energy. The proposed work is simulated in the MATLAB platform and compared with weighting depth and forwarding area division depth-based routing and energy and depth variance-based opportunistic void avoidance schemes. This work achieves the packet delivery ratio 96% with varying transmission range up to 1000 m at 180 node size. Along with this, it decreases the end-to-end delay and average number of dead nodes up to 53% and 145, respectively. This work also improves the overall network lifetime and reduces the transmission delay. This work also propagates 55% less copies of data packets. Similar to this, some other performance metrics are also explained in the results section.

水下声传感器网络（UWASN）的目的是为海洋监测和近海勘探找到各种应用。在大多数这些应用中，网络包括部署在水中不同深度的几个传感器节点。位于海床深处的传感器节点无法与那些靠近水平面的节点毫不动摇地通信。这些节点需要进行多跳通信，而通过适当的路由计划可以促进这种通信。UWASN的工作受到一些约束的影响，例如高传输延迟，能耗，部署，长传播延迟和高衰减。除此之外，路由中存在空白区域还会影响UWASN的整体性能。因此，可以通过考虑最佳转发节点来避免空白区域。最佳转发器节点的选择取决于深度方差，深度差，剩余能量和链路质量。除此之外，还应考虑选择最佳的转发器节点。本文提出了一种节能高效的空域规避路由。此处使用灰太狼优化算法的概念来选择最佳转发节点。拟议的工作通过避免空隙区域并平衡网络能量来延长网络寿命。提出的工作在MATLAB平台上进行了仿真，并与基于深度的加权深度和转发区域划分，基于深度的路由以及基于能量和深度方差的机会性避免规避方案进行了比较。这项工作在180节点大小的情况下，在高达1000 m的可变传输范围下，实现了96％的数据包传输率。伴随着这个 它将端到端延迟和死节点的平均数量分别降低了53％和145。这项工作还可以改善整个网络的寿命，并减少传输延迟。这项工作还传播了55％的数据包副本。与此类似，结果部分还将介绍其他一些性能指标。