Pseudomonas aeruginosa an opportunistic pathogen, is widely associated with nosocomial infections and exhibits resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance profile, biofilm formation and efflux pump activity of Pseudomonas strains isolated from clinical samples in Abeokuta Ogun state Nigeria. Fifty suspected Pseudomonas isolates were characterized by standard biochemical tests and PCR using Pseudomonas species -specific primers. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by the disc diffusion method. Efflux pump activity screening was done by the ethidium bromide method and biofilm formation assay by the tissue plate method. Genes encoding biofilm formation (pslA & plsD) and efflux pump activity (mexA, mexB and oprM) were assayed by PCR. Thirty-nine Pseudomonas spp. were identified of which 35 were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 4 Pseudomonas spp. All 39 (100%) Pseudomonas isolates were resistant to ceftazidime, cefuroxime and amoxicillin-clavulanate. Thirty-six (92%), 10(25.6%), 20 (51.2%), 11(28%) and 9(23%) of the isolates were resistant to nitrofurantoin, imipenem, gentamicin, cefepime and aztreonam respectively. All the isolates had the ability to form biofilm and 11 (28%) of them were strong biofilm formers. They all (100%) harboured the pslA and pslD biofilm encoding genes. Varied relationships between biofilm formation and resistance to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, cefixime, gentamicin, imipenem, and aztreonam were observed. Only 23(59%) of the Pseudomonas isolates phenotypically exhibited efflux pump activity but mexA gene was detected in all 39 (100%) isolates while mexB and oprM genes were detected in 91%, 92%, and 88% of strong, moderate and weak biofilm formers respectively. Multidrug resistance, biofilm and efflux pump capabilities in Pseudomonas aeruginosa have serious public health implications in the management of infections caused by this organism.

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评价从尼日利亚联邦医疗中心分离的铜绿假单胞菌多药耐药临床分离株的外排泵活性和生物膜形成

铜绿假单胞菌是一种条件致病菌，与医院感染广泛相关，并对多种抗生素表现出耐药性。本研究的目的是确定从尼日利亚 Abeokuta Ogun 州临床样本中分离的假单胞菌菌株的抗生素耐药性、生物膜形成和外排泵活性。五十个疑似假单胞菌分离株通过标准生化测试和使用假单胞菌属物种特异性引物的PCR表征。抗生素药敏试验采用圆盘扩散法。外排泵活性筛选通过溴化乙锭法进行，生物膜形成试验通过组织板法进行。通过PCR测定编码生物膜形成（pslA和plsD）和外排泵活性（mexA、mexB和oprM）的基因。三十九种假单胞菌属。共鉴定出 35 株铜绿假单胞菌和 4 株假单胞菌。所有 39 株（100%）假单胞菌分离株均对头孢他啶、头孢呋辛和阿莫西林克拉维酸耐药。36株（92%）、10株（25.6%）、20株（51.2%）、11株（28%）和9株（23%）分别对呋喃妥因、亚胺培南、庆大霉素、头孢吡肟和氨曲南耐药。所有分离株都具有形成生物膜的能力，其中 11 个 (28%) 是强生物膜形成剂。它们都 (100%) 含有 pslA 和 pslD 生物膜编码基因。观察到生物膜形成与对环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、头孢克肟、庆大霉素、亚胺培南和氨曲南的耐药性之间的不同关系。只有 23 (59%) 个假单胞菌分离株表现出外排泵活性，但在所有 39 个 (100%) 分离株中检测到 mexA 基因，而在 91%、92% 和 88% 的强、中度和弱生物膜形成剂。铜绿假单胞菌中的多药耐药性、生物膜和外排泵能力对由该生物引起的感染的管理具有严重的公共卫生影响。