There seems to be a widespread view that foreign lorry drivers’ lack of competence on Norwegian roads, especially related to winter driving, is a significant safety problem. It has, however, been suggested that foreign heavy goods vehicle (HGV) drivers perform better than expected on Norwegian winter roads, as they feel less safe than Norwegian drivers, and adapt by driving slower and more carefully. The aim of the present paper is twofold. First, we examine whether foreign HGV drivers in Norway actually have poorer competence on, training for, experience with and equipment for winter driving than Norwegian HGV drivers. Second, we discuss whether the expected negative effect of these safety challenges is mitigated, as foreign HGV drivers adapt their behaviours. We use four data sources to shed light on the aims: (1) interviews, (2) roadside inspections, (3) small-scale survey and (4) towing incidents. Our data support the hypothesis about behavioural adaptation, indicating that foreign HGV drivers experience winter driving as more difficult or unsafe, as they have supposedly less suitable vehicles and equipment, less experience, training and competence for winter driving. They are therefore more likely to get stuck while driving uphill on winter roads, supposedly as they drive more carefully and slower than Norwegian HGV drivers. Norwegian HGV drivers feel safer and more confident while driving on winter roads, because of their equipment and their experience.

人们似乎普遍认为，外国卡车司机在挪威道路上的驾驶能力不足，尤其是与冬季驾驶有关，是一个重大的安全问题。但是，据建议，外国重型货车（HGV）驾驶员在挪威冬季道路上的表现要好于预期，因为他们感觉比挪威驾驶员安全性低，并且会通过更慢和更谨慎地驾驶来适应。本文的目的是双重的。首先，我们检查在挪威的外国HGV司机在冬季驾驶方面的能力，培训，经验和设备是否确实比挪威HGV司机差。其次，我们讨论随着外国HGV驾驶员适应其行为，这些安全挑战的预期负面影响是否得到缓解。我们使用四个数据源来阐明目标：（1）访谈，（2）路边检查，（3）小规模调查和（4）拖曳事件。我们的数据支持关于行为适应的假设，表明外国HGV驾驶员体验冬季驾驶会更加困难或不安全，因为他们据称缺乏合适的车辆和设备，缺乏冬季驾驶的经验，培训和能力。因此，他们在冬季上坡行驶时更有可能被卡住，据推测，这是因为他们比挪威的HGV司机更谨慎，更慢地行驶。挪威HGV司机由于其设备和经验，在冬季道路上行驶时会感到更安全，更自信。因为他们据说缺乏合适的车辆和设备，缺乏冬季驾驶的经验，培训和能力。因此，他们在冬季公路上坡行驶时更有可能被卡住，据推测，这是因为他们比挪威的HGV司机更谨慎，更慢。挪威HGV司机由于其设备和经验，在冬季道路上行驶时会感到更安全，更自信。因为他们据说缺乏合适的车辆和设备，缺乏冬季驾驶的经验，培训和能力。因此，他们在冬季公路上坡行驶时更有可能被卡住，据推测，这是因为他们比挪威的HGV司机更谨慎，更慢。挪威HGV司机由于其设备和经验，在冬季道路上行驶时会感到更安全，更自信。