Objective

Heart rate variability (HRV) and mindfulness have been described as correlates of self-regulation and well-being. The goal of the present study was to investigate their interactions from a within-person perspective in the context of work.

Methods

Applying an ambulatory assessment approach, we studied 89 healthcare professionals across two to four work shifts. Self-reports of momentary job demands, mindfulness, and well-being (as indicated by emotional exhaustion, relaxation, and contentment) were provided three to four times a day via smartphone questionnaires. Electrocardiogram and activity sensors continuously recorded data from the beginning to the end of the shifts. Multilevel models based on 937 measurements were built for emotional exhaustion, relaxation, and contentment.

Results

After controlling for covariates, including bodily movement, shift, and job demands, short-term HRV was marginally significantly related to decreased emotional exhaustion and significantly related to increased relaxation. State mindfulness was significantly related to decreased emotional exhaustion, and increased relaxation and contentment. Furthermore, HRV and mindfulness significantly interacted such that emotional exhaustion was lowest and relaxation was highest when both HRV and mindfulness were high.

Conclusions

Together, the findings provide insights into the use of HRV and mindfulness as indexes of psychophysiological regulatory resources that seemingly intensify their respective beneficial effects on the daily well-being of employees.

中文翻译：

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心率变异性和正念对医疗保健专业人员日常工作生活中幸福感指标的交互影响

客观的

心率变异性 (HRV) 和正念被描述为与自我调节和幸福感相关的因素。本研究的目标是从工作环境中的个人视角调查他们的互动。

方法

应用动态评估方法，我们研究了 89 名医疗保健专业人员，他们进行了两到四个轮班。通过智能手机问卷每天提供三到四次关于瞬时工作需求、正念和幸福感（表现为情绪疲惫、放松和满足）的自我报告。心电图和活动传感器从轮班开始到结束连续记录数据。建立了基于 937 次测量的多级模型，用于情绪耗竭、放松和满足。

结果

在控制了包括身体运动、轮班和工作需求在内的协变量后，短期 HRV 与减少情绪耗竭略显着相关，与增加放松显着相关。状态正念与减少情绪耗竭以及增加放松和满足感显着相关。此外，HRV 和正念显着相互作用，当 HRV 和正念都很高时，情绪耗竭最低，放松程度最高。

结论

总之，这些发现提供了关于使用 HRV 和正念作为心理生理调节资源指标的见解，这些资源似乎加强了它们各自对员工日常福祉的有益影响。