Droplet impingement is a widespread phenomenon in nature and industrial production. Different from the problem of light drop/wall impact, which has been investigated early and sufficiently, few researches are found on the dynamic behavior and modeling of heavy drop impingement, which is widely existed in the field of plasma spray, 3D printing and ejecta mixing caused by detonation, etc. In this paper, the behavior of different metal drops impinging on dry smooth wall is studied based on Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. A newly splash threshold is proposed for heavy drop impact, and the difference of splash criteria between light drop and heavy drop is analyzed. The results show that incident kinetic energy is an important factor to determine the outcomes of heavy droplet impact. When the incident kinetic energy is relatively low, the metal droplet would spread, and the maximum spreading radius increases with the increase of kinetic energy. With higher incident kinetic energy, the droplet would splash, and the proportion of secondary droplets increases with the increase of incident kinetic energy. Higher droplet viscosity will hinder its spreading, but when splash occurs, it will promote the increase of secondary droplet. The increase of surface tension would suppress droplet spreading rate, but it has little effect on the maximum spreading radius. The splash criteria of heavy droplet impinging on dry smooth wall is proposed as $K=Oh\cdot R{e}^{1.5346}=3341.95$. The splash threshold of heavy droplet is higher than that of light droplet within the range of Re < 4000, owing to the higher surface tension of heavy droplet. When Re > 4000, the outcomes of light droplet impact show strong randomness, thus no uniform splash threshold can be found, while the metal droplet has a uniform splash threshold within the range of Re <100000.

液滴撞击是自然界和工业生产中的普遍现象。与早已充分研究的轻落/壁撞击问题不同，关于重落撞击的动力学行为和建模的研究很少，这在等离子喷涂，3D打印和喷射混合领域已广泛存在。本文基于光滑粒子流体动力学（SPH）方法研究了不同金属液滴撞击在干燥光滑壁上的行为。提出了一种新的飞溅阈值，以应对重物跌落的影响，并分析了轻重物和重物跌落之间的飞溅标准。结果表明，入射动能是确定重油滴撞击结果的重要因素。当入射动能较低时 金属液滴将散布，并且最大散布半径随动能的增加而增加。随着入射动能的增加，液滴将飞溅，并且次要液滴的比例随着入射动能的增加而增加。较高的液滴粘度会阻碍其扩散，但是当发生飞溅时，它将促进次级液滴的增加。表面张力的增加会抑制液滴的散布速率，但对最大散布半径影响很小。提出了重液滴撞击在干燥光滑壁上的飞溅准则为 二次液滴的比例随着入射动能的增加而增加。较高的液滴粘度会阻碍其扩散，但是当发生飞溅时，它将促进次级液滴的增加。表面张力的增加会抑制液滴的散布速率，但对最大散布半径影响很小。提出了重水滴撞击在干燥光滑壁上的飞溅准则：二次液滴的比例随着入射动能的增加而增加。较高的液滴粘度会阻碍其扩散，但是当发生飞溅时，它将促进次级液滴的增加。表面张力的增加会抑制液滴的散布速率，但对最大散布半径影响很小。提出了重水滴撞击在干燥光滑壁上的飞溅准则：$ķ=ØH\cdot \mathrm{[R}{Ë}^{\mathrm{1个}。5346}=3341。95$。在Re <4000的范围内，由于重液滴的表面张力较高，因此重液滴的飞溅阈值高于轻液滴的飞溅阈值。当Re > 4000时，光滴撞击的结果显示出很强的随机性，因此找不到统一的飞溅阈值，而金属滴在Re <100000范围内具有均匀的飞溅阈值。