Heavy metal contamination of soil has become a public concern. Earthworms are key players in the functioning and service of soil ecosystems, with comprehension of their introduction in the polluted soil offering new insights into the protection of soil resources. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of earthworm (Eisenia fetida) introduction and Cd (0, 10, 30, and 60 mg kg^-1 of Cd) exposure upon soil microbial community using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Our research demonstrated that Gemmatimonadetes and Deinococcus-Thermus upregulated significantly, while Chryseolinea showed an obvious decreasing trend after earthworm introduction. In Cd contaminated soil, many genera exhibited a greater presence of Cd-dependent bacteria, namely Cd-tolerant bacteria such as Altererythrobacter and Luteimonas, and a decrease of sensitive bacteria, such as Amaricoccus and Haliangium. Moreover, functional prediction analysis of soil microbiota indicated that earthworm introduction and Cd exposure changed functional pathways of soil microorganisms. The results obtained in this study are beneficial for understanding soil microbial community impacted by earthworm, and for exploring Cd resistant or tolerant bacteria, with potentially significant findings for soil biodiversity and Cd bioremediation.

土壤的重金属污染已成为公众关注的问题。are是土壤生态系统功能和服务的主要参与者，对their在污染土壤中的引入的理解提供了对保护土壤资源的新见解。在本研究中，我们评估了introduction （Eisenia fetida）引入和Cd（0、10、30和60 mg kg ^{-1的影响）}16S rRNA基因扩增子测序对土壤微生物群落中Cd暴露的影响）。我们的研究表明，在引入worm后，Gemmatimonadetes和Deinococcus-Thermus明显上调，而Chryseolinea则显示出明显的下降趋势。在受Cd污染的土壤中，许多属均表现出更多的Cd依赖细菌，即耐Cd细菌，如嗜热红杆菌和黄体单胞菌，而敏感细菌的数量则减少，如Amaricoccus和Haliangium。此外，对土壤微生物的功能预测分析表明，introduction的引入和镉的暴露改变了土壤微生物的功能途径。这项研究获得的结果对于了解受impact影响的土壤微生物群落以及探索对Cd具有抗性或耐受性的细菌是有益的，