Cooperation with local enterprises and/or stores in reserving supplies can help local government authorities increase their ability to quickly meet the sudden onset emergency demand. In addition to the commonly mentioned cost-relevant factors, cooperators’ inventory capacity and disaster resistance capacity will also impact the feasibility and cost effectiveness of the government-private cooperation. In addition, from the quick response perspective and given the initial responding role that local reserves play after a disaster happens, the initial satisfaction requirement that demands that some of the emergency demand has to be satisfied by local cooperation should be further emphasized. Given that different impact disasters might appear, along with different occurrence probabilities, demand quantities of emergency supplies and damage severities, this work adopts a scenario-based approach with integer programming to propose the optimal reserve allocation strategy of a local government authority. Restricted by the impossibilities of proposing explicit solutions in multiple-member-multiple-scenario situations with multiple constraints, optimal solutions in single-member–multiple-scenario situations and in multiple-member–single-scenario situations are mathematically derived. Then, numerical studies with sensitivity analyses in multiple-member–multiple-scenario situations are adopted to seek more properties, during which it has been found that some of the computationally proposed findings are supported by analytical results in simplified settings. Managerial insights for practical applications are put forward accordingly when interpreting the analytical and computational findings.

与当地企业和/或商店在储备供应方面的合作可以帮助地方政府当局提高其迅速满足突发紧急需求的能力。除了通常提到的与成本相关的因素外，合作伙伴的库存能力和抗灾能力还将影响政府与私营部门合作的可行性和成本效益。此外，从快速反应的角度出发，并考虑到灾难发生后当地储备所起的最初反应作用，应进一步强调最初的满足要求，即要求某些紧急需求必须通过当地合作来满足。鉴于可能会出现不同的影响灾难，以及不同的发生概率，紧急物资需求量和破坏严重性，这项工作采用基于方案的整数规划方法，以提出地方政府机构的最优储备分配策略。受在具有多个约束的多成员多场景情况下提出显式解决方案的可能性的限制，可以从数学上推导单成员多场景情况以及多成员单场景情况下的最优解。然后，采用在多成员多情况下进行敏感性分析的数值研究来寻找更多的属性，在此过程中，发现一些在计算上提出的发现得到了简化环境中分析结果的支持。在解释分析和计算结果时，会相应地提出实际应用的管理见解。