In this paper, a new technique on purifying germanium-tannins residue with assistance of ultrasonic was investigated by univariate method, in which the main reaction factors such as H₂SO₄ concentration, solid-liquid ratio, pickling time, pickling temperature and ultrasonic power were discussed respectively. The results indicated that, with the reaction conditions of H₂SO₄ concentration of 0.2 M, solid-liquid ratio of 300 g/L, pickling time of 30 min, pickling temperature of 40 ℃ in regular pickling, the removal efficiency of impurities were: Zn 84.43 %, Fe 71.15 %, Mg 85.16 %, As 80.33 %, with the Ge content grade was 2.86 %, and germanium concentrate with 28.4 % Ge content was obtained after roasting; when ultrasonic power of 225 W was introduced into solution, the removal efficiency of impurities were: Zn 88.57 %, Fe 88.28 %, Mg 89.14 %, As 89.27 %, with the Ge content grade was 4.11 %, and germanium concentrate with 35.6 % Ge content was obtained after roasting. Ultrasonic energy, contrasted with regular method, provides a superior consequence with less pickling time, lower H₂SO₄ concentration and lower pickling temperature. Those can be attributed to the cavitation effect of ultrasonic, which can not only destroy the germanium residue package, increase the contact area of the solid-liquid reaction, but break some chemical bonds and promote the process of impurities removal.

本文以单变量法研究了超声波辅助纯化锗单宁残渣的新工艺，该工艺主要反应因素为H ₂ SO ₄浓度，固液比，酸洗时间，酸洗温度和超声功率。分别进行了讨论。结果表明，在H ₂ SO ₄的反应条件下浓度为0.2 M，固液比为300 g / L，酸洗时间为30 min，酸洗温度为40℃（常规酸洗），杂质去除效率为：Zn 84.43％，Fe 71.15％，Mg 85.16％，As焙烧后得到的Ge含量为80.33％，Ge含量为2.86％，焙烧后获得了Ge含量为28.4％的锗精矿。当将225 W的超声波功率引入溶液中时，杂质的去除效率为：Zn 88.57％，Fe 88.28％，Mg 89.14％，As 89.27％，Ge含量等级为4.11％，锗精矿含有35.6％Ge焙烧后获得含量。与常规方法相比，超声能具有更好的结果，酸洗时间更少，H ₂ SO ₄更低浓度和较低的酸洗温度。这些可以归因于超声波的空化作用，它不仅可以破坏锗残留物包，增加固液反应的接触面积，而且可以破坏某些化学键并促进杂质的去除过程。