The essay focuses on the role of bells in the Jesuit reducciones. Within the contested sound world of the mission areas, bells played an important role as their sounds formed a sense of space, regulated social life, and established an audibility of time and order. Amongst all the other European sounds which Catholic missionaries had introduced by the seventeenth century—church songs, prayers in European languages, and instrumental music—bells functioned especially well as signals of the omnipotent and omnipresent Christian God and as instruments in the establishing of acoustic hegemony. Taking the Conquista espiritual by Antonio Ruiz de Montoya (1639) as its main source, the essay points to several references to bells, as objects of veneration, as part of a flexible material culture, and, most importantly, as weapons in the daily fight with non-Christians, the devil, and demons.

中文翻译：

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Todas las naciones han de oyrla：早期现代巴拉圭耶稣会教士中的钟声

这篇文章的重点是钟声在耶稣会教义中的作用。在任务区的有争议的声音世界中，钟声发挥了重要作用，因为它们的声音形成了空间感，调节了社会生活，建立了时间和秩序的可听性。在天主教传教士在 17 世纪引入的所有其他欧洲声音中——教堂歌曲、欧洲语言的祈祷和器乐——钟的功能特别好，是无所不能和无所不在的基督教上帝的信号，也是建立声学霸权的工具. 以安东尼奥·鲁伊斯·德·蒙托亚 (Antonio Ruiz de Montoya) 的《征服精神》(1639) 为主要来源，这篇文章指出了对钟的多次引用，作为崇拜的对象，作为灵活物质文化的一部分，最重要的是，