The paper examines the various usages of the Attic particle μήν and proposes a unified analysis of its main function. I argue that the prevalent analysis of Wakker (1997) needs some important reconsideration when instances of μήν in Platonic dialogue are concerned. First, the particle can target not only the propositional content of a discourse act, but also its illocution (felicity conditions). Second, I propose ‘countering expectations or assumptions of the addressee’ as the basic value of the particle. Functions in terms of commitment are better seen as secondary side effects. Third, I argue that differences in the origin of the countered assumptions or expectations are a natural basis for distinguishing between attitudinal μήν (extra-linguistic context and/or previous words of the addressee) and discourse connective μήν (previous words of the same speaker). It follows from my analysis that strict categorical boundaries between these usages are not to be expected.

中文翻译：

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阁楼粒子 μήν

本文考察了 Attic 粒子 μήν 的各种用途，并对其主要功能进行了统一分析。我认为，当涉及柏拉图对话中 μήν 的实例时，Wakker (1997) 的流行分析需要一些重要的重新考虑。首先，助词不仅可以针对话语行为的命题内容，还可以针对其言外之意（幸福条件）。其次，我提出“反击收件人的期望或假设”作为粒子的基本价值。承诺方面的功能更好地被视为次要副作用。第三，我认为，被反对的假设或期望的起源差异是区分态度 μήν（语外语境和/或收件人的先前词）和话语连接词 μήν（同一说话者的先前词）的自然基础。根据我的分析，这些用法之间没有严格的分类界限是意料之中的。