Drawing on the first comprehensive investigation into the uses of data analytics in UK public services, this article outlines developments and practices surrounding the upsurge in data-driven forms of what we term ‘citizen scoring’. This refers to the use of data analytics in government for the purposes of categorisation, assessment and prediction at both individual and population level. Combining Freedom of Information requests and semi-structured interviews with public sector workers and civil society organisations, we detail the practices surrounding these developments and the nature of concerns expressed by different stakeholder groups as a way to elicit the heterogeneity, tensions and negotiations that shape the contemporary landscape of data-driven governance. Described by practitioners as a way to achieve a ‘golden view’ of populations, we argue that data systems need to be situated in this context in order to understand the wider politics of such a ‘view’ and the implications this has for state-citizen relations in the scoring society.

中文翻译：

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``黄金观''：得分社会中数据驱动的治理

在对英国公共服务中数据分析的使用进行的首次全面调查的基础上，本文概述了围绕数据驱动形式（我们称为“公民评分”）的激增的发展和实践。这是指在政府中为了个人，人群级别的分类，评估和预测而使用数据分析。结合信息自由请求和对公共部门工作者和民间社会组织的半结构化访谈，我们详细介绍了围绕这些发展的实践以及不同利益相关者群体表达的关注的性质，以此来激发形成异质性，紧张关系和谈判的方式。数据驱动治理的当代景观。从业者将其描述为实现人口“黄金观”的一种方式，