Charles R. Kim’s Youth for Nation represents an impressive effort to trace the evolution of South Korean ideology from 1953 to 1964. As the author informs the reader in the beginning of his study, South Korea’s state-backed ideology was but a “version of public discourse supported by power” (p. 14). That is, both the state’s ideology and public discourse shared a common discursive territory, enabling individuals to contest the hegemonial claims of the state in the same language as was employed by the state. In his pursuit of these discursive struggles, Kim isolates two especially poignant manifestations of South Korea’s discourse: “wholesome modernization” and “the student vanguard.” The South Korean state promoted both, paying particular attention to the inculcation of the young generation. Kim thus shows that protesters’ self-rationalization during the 4.19 Revolution in 1960 grew organically out of the state-sponsored discourse that the youth had internalized. Put differently, student protest in the April of 1960 was the specter conjured up by the very regime against which it eventually turned. The author unfolds his argument in a series of six chapters (discussed

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国家青年：冷战韩国的文化与抗议。查尔斯·R·金。夏威夷檀香山：夏威夷大学出版社，2017 年。xi + 264 pp.[ISBN: 9780824855949]

Charles R. Kim 的 Youth for Nation 代表了追溯 1953 年至 1964 年韩国意识形态演变的令人印象深刻的努力。权力支持的话语”（第 14 页）。也就是说，国家的意识形态和公共话语共享一个共同的话语领域，使个人能够用国家所使用的相同语言来对抗国家的霸权主张。在追求这些话语斗争的过程中，金将韩国话语中的两个特别尖锐的表现分离出来：“健康的现代化”和“学生先锋队”。韩国政府提倡两者，特别关注对年轻一代的灌输。金因此表明，抗议者在 1960 年 4.19 革命期间的自我合理化是从青年已内化的国家支持的话语中有机地发展起来的。换句话说，1960 年 4 月的学生抗议是它最终转向反对的政权所召唤的幽灵。作者在一系列六章中展开了他的论点（讨论