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Building the Visible Immortality of the Nation: The Centrality of ‘Rooted Modernism’ to the Third Reich’s Architectural New Order
Fascism ( IF 0.6 ) Pub Date : 2018-05-05 , DOI: 10.1163/22116257-00701002
Roger Griffin

This article sets out to contribute conceptual clarity to the growing recognition of the modern and futural dynamic behind fascist cultural projects by focusing on projects for architectural renewal under the Third Reich. It starts by reviewing the gradual recognition of the futural temporality of the regime’s culture. It then introduces the concept ‘rooted modernism’ and argues for its application not only to the vernacular idioms of some of the Reich’s new buildings, but also to the International Style and machine aesthetic deployed in many Nazi technological and industrial buildings. The article’s main focus is on the extensive use made in the new civic and public architecture under Nazism (and Fascism) of ‘stripped classicism’. This was a form of neo-classicism widely encountered in both democratic and authoritarian states throughout the inter-war period, and which can be understood as an alternative strand of architectural modernism co-existing with more overtly avant-garde experiments in reshaping the built environment. The case is then made for applying a new conceptual framework for evaluating the relationship to modernity and modernism of architectural projects, not just in fascist cultural production, but that of the many authoritarian right-wing regimes of the period which claimed to embrace the national past while striving for a dynamic, heroic future. This opens up the possibility for historians to engage with the complex cultural entanglements and histoires croisees of revolutionary with modernizing conservative states in the ‘fascist era’.

中文翻译:

建立可见的国家永生:“植根的现代主义”对第三帝国建筑新秩序的中心

本文着重于通过对第三帝国时期建筑更新项目的关注,为概念性的清晰性,以促进人们对法西斯主义文化项目背后的现代和未来动态的日益认可。它从回顾对政权文化的未来时间性的逐渐认识开始。然后,它引入了“扎根的现代主义”概念,并主张将其应用到帝国的一些新建筑的乡土习俗中,还应运用于许多纳粹技术和工业建筑中采用的国际风格和机械美学。本文的主要重点是在“剥离古典主义”的纳粹主义(和法西斯主义)下对新的公民和公共建筑的广泛使用。这是整个战争期间在民主国家和专制国家中广泛遇到的新古典主义形式,可以理解为建筑现代主义的另一种形式,它与重塑建筑环境的更为前卫的实验并存。然后提出了一个理由,即应用一个新的概念框架来评估建筑项目与现代性和现代主义之间的关系,不仅是在法西斯文化生产中,而且是在那个时期声称拥护民族过去的许多独裁右翼政权之间的关系。同时为充满活力,英勇的未来而努力。这为历史学家提供了在“法西斯时代”使保守的国家现代化的可能性,使他们有可能参与复杂的文化纠缠和革命的历史遗迹。并且可以理解为建筑现代主义的另一种形式,它与重塑建筑环境的更为前卫的实验并存。然后提出了一个理由,即应用一个新的概念框架来评估建筑项目与现代性和现代主义之间的关系,不仅是在法西斯文化生产中,而且是在那个时期声称拥护民族过去的许多独裁右翼政权之间的关系。同时为充满活力,英勇的未来而努力。这为历史学家提供了在“法西斯时代”使保守的国家现代化并使革命者陷入复杂的文化纠缠和历史遗迹的可能性。并且可以理解为建筑现代主义的另一种形式,它与重塑建筑环境的更为前卫的实验并存。然后提出了一个理由,即应用一个新的概念框架来评估建筑项目与现代性和现代主义之间的关系,不仅是在法西斯文化生产中,而且是在那个时期声称拥护民族过去的许多独裁右翼政权之间的关系。同时为充满活力,英勇的未来而努力。这为历史学家提供了在“法西斯时代”使保守的国家现代化并使革命者陷入复杂的文化纠缠和历史遗迹的可能性。
更新日期:2018-05-05
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