world (pp. 81–83). The royal rooster has become a commodity and suffers at human hands. The actual costs of factory farmed chicken are hidden by keeping consumers unaware of the inhumane treatment of the chickens, the workers, the farmers who work as sharecroppers living below the poverty line, and the manure that pollutes land and water, leading to dead zones at sea (pp. 84–85). A central problem of the book is that the author does not follow through on the goals he sets and contradicts his stated aim. The preface argues that “It’s time to be more inclusive and more creative, to peer beneath the surface to vastly broaden our scope, to consider other ways of seeing and being in the world, and to reframe our perspective of nature, which will ultimately make us a far more resilient species” (p. xviii). He calls for an ethno-ornithological approach that can deepen our relationship to birds through Indigenous teachings. However, after claiming that birds offer us alternative perspectives on the world and the issues we face, he then expounds on the material benefits birds offer. Although the details of bird anatomy and behavior are intriguing, he justifies appreciation for birds by describing how this knowledge of birds can be used for medicine and engineering, such as understanding brain function and designing better planes and trains or paint (p. 26). He seems to believe people will appreciate birds because they are useful— for search and rescue missions (p. 239), for preventing or treating disease (p. 217), and reducing pests (p. 222). The author also ignores the pet trade This book explores the mystery and beauty of birds. There are chapters full of suspense— exploring avian enigmas such as flocks synchronizing their movements in murmurations, chickadees transferring complex information using calls with syntax, and migrations of Arctic terns traveling 12,000 miles. Other chapters provide fascinating detail on the aerodynamics of feathers that transmit information through skin attachments, avian eyesight with ultraviolet perception and magnetoreception, and extreme physiology that enables birds to endure great heights and depths with freezing temperatures. The author’s love for birds shines throughout the book and he writes in an engaging style. Each chapter begins with an elegant illustration by D.D. Dowden and quotes from Dickinson, Thoreau, John Lennon, and Mehmet Murat Ildan. Unfortunately, the scientific names of the birds are not included. The author describes what birds provide through food, feathers, dispersal of seeds and pollen, reducing insect pests, and guidance to people with advice or warnings. Birds “maintain ecosystem function and resilience” by “balancing the world” (pp. 109; 114). Robbins wants people to understand and appreciate birds because people conserve what they love. He addresses the types of emotional connection people have with birds and their power to heal. Through “Wings Over America,” at-risk teens and imprisoned youth in Washington, D.C. are introduced to falcons and taught how to protect these magnificent birds. Yet, Robbins laments that we have lost a sense of the sacred—of the cosmic egg as the origin of the The Wonder of Birds: What They Tell Us About Ourselves, the World, and a Be er Future. By Jim Robbins. 2017. Spiegel and Grau, Penguin Random House, New York. 352 pp.

中文翻译：

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鸟类奇观：它们告诉我们关于我们自己，世界和美好未来的信息。吉姆·罗宾斯（Jim Robbins）着。2017. Spiegel and Grau，企鹅兰登书屋，纽约。352页

世界（第81–83页）。皇家公鸡已成为一种商品，并在人类手中受苦。通过使消费者不了解鸡的不人道待遇，工人，生活在贫困线以下的作share农的农民以及污染土地和水的肥料，导致死鸡区，隐藏了工厂化养殖鸡的实际成本。海（第84-85页）。这本书的中心问题是作者没有遵循他设定的目标，并且与他的既定目标相抵触。序言指出：“现在应该更具包容性和创造力，窥探底层，以大大拓宽我们的范围，考虑其他观察和生活世界的方式，并重新构筑我们对自然的看法，这最终将使我们是一个更具复原力的物种”（第十八页）。他呼吁采用一种民族语言学方法，通过土著教义加深我们与鸟类的关系。但是，在声称鸟类为我们提供了关于世界和我们所面临的问题的替代观点之后，他接着阐述了鸟类所提供的物质利益。尽管有趣的是鸟类的解剖结构和行为，但他通过描述如何将鸟类的知识用于医学和工程学，例如了解脑功能并设计更好的飞机和火车或油漆，来证明对鸟类的欣赏是正确的（第26页）。他似乎相信人们会欣赏鸟类，因为它们在搜索和救援任务（第239页），预防或治疗疾病（第217页）和减少害虫（第222页）方面很有用。作者还忽略了宠物贸易。这本书探讨了鸟类的奥秘和美丽。充满悬念的章节包括探索鸟类之谜，例如使鸡群在鸣叫声中同步其动作，山雀使用具有语法要求的呼叫传递复杂的信息以及迁徙12,000英里的北极燕鸥。其他章节提供了有关羽毛的空气动力学的迷人细节，这些羽毛通过皮肤附着物传递信息，具有紫外线感知和磁感受能力的禽眼视力，以及使鸟类在冰冻温度下能够承受高海拔和高深度的极端生理学。作者对鸟类的热爱贯穿整本书，并以引人入胜的风格写作。每章均以DD Dowden的精美插图开头，并引用了Dickinson，Thoreau，John Lennon和Mehmet Murat Ildan的话。不幸的是，不包括鸟类的科学名称。作者描述了鸟类通过食物，羽毛，种子和花粉的散布，减少虫害以及向人们提供建议或警告的指导而提供的东西。鸟类通过“平衡世界”“维持生态系统功能和复原力”（第109页； 114）。罗宾斯希望人们理解和欣赏鸟类，因为人们会保存自己的爱。他谈到了人们与鸟类之间的情感联系及其治愈能力。通过“美国之翼”（Wings Over America），华盛顿特区的处于危险之中的青少年和被监禁的年轻人被引入猎鹰，并教他们如何保护这些雄伟的鸟类。然而，罗宾斯感叹我们失去了神圣的感觉-作为“鸟的奇迹：它们告诉我们的自我，世界和美好未来”起源的宇宙蛋。吉姆·罗宾斯（Jim Robbins）着。2017. Spiegel and Grau，企鹅兰登书屋，纽约。352页