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Agricultural Sustainability and Environmental Change at Ancient Gordion. By John M. Marston. 2017. University of Pennsylvania Museum Press, Philadelphia. 224 pp.
Ethnobiology Letters Pub Date : 2018-10-23 , DOI: 10.14237/ebl.9.2.2018.1391
Erica Rowan

The first chapter introduces the aims and methodological approach of the volume and presents crucial information on the site, its chronology, and its lengthy excavation history. The second chapter is dedicated to an overview and explanation of the two theoretical models that will be employed and integrated throughout the remainder of the text: behavioral ecology and resilience thinking. Behavioral ecology, when used in archaeological contexts, relates to foraging theory, and in the specific context of the monograph, to the production of food through agriculture and animal husbandry. Resilience thinking looks at the relationship between ecological systems and social systems, in other words the reciprocal relationships between humans and environments. The description of each theoretical framework is simultaneously detailed and vague in that the history of the theories and their current functions are thoroughly presented, but almost no examples or hypotheticals are employed to demonstrate how they would work in an archaeological context. Similarly, it would have been helpful to see these theories integrated with past and current archaeological schools of thought since Marston often criss-crosses the boundaries between processual and postprocessual archaeology. The ancient site of Gordion, located in central Anatolia (Turkey), is composed of a citadel mound, a lower town, an outer town, and multiple tumuli or burial mounds. Although population density varied over the centuries, the site was occupied consistently from the early Bronze Age until the late Roman period or roughly 3000 BC until the fifth century AD. After a period of almost total abandonment, the urban center and surrounding region were resettled during the thirteenth to fourteenth centuries.

中文翻译:

古手风琴的农业可持续性与环境变化。约翰·马斯顿(John M.Marston)。2017.宾夕法尼亚大学博物馆出版社,费城。224页

第一章介绍了该书的目的和方法,并介绍了该地点的重要信息,其时间顺序和漫长的挖掘历史。第二章致力于概述和解释将在本文的其余部分中采用和整合的两个理论模型:行为生态学和适应力思维。行为生态学在考古环境中使用时,涉及到觅食理论,在专着中涉及通过农业和畜牧业生产粮食。复原力思维着眼于生态系统与社会系统之间的关系,换句话说,就是人类与环境之间的相互关系。同时对每个理论框架进行了详细而又模糊的描述,因为对这些理论的历史及其当前功能进行了详尽的介绍,但是几乎没有任何实例或假设被用来证明它们在考古环境中的工作方式。同样,将这些理论与过去和现在的考古学思想思想相结合将是有益的,因为马斯顿经常纵横交错于过程考古学和后过程考古学之间。Gordion的古遗址位于安纳托利亚(土耳其)中部,由城堡丘,一个较低的城镇,一个外部城镇以及多个古坟或埋葬土丘组成。尽管人口密度在几个世纪中有所不同,从青铜时代初期到罗马晚期,或者从大约公元前3000年到公元5世纪,该遗址一直被占领。经过一段几乎完全的废弃之后,在13至14世纪,城市中心和周边地区重新安置。
更新日期:2018-10-23
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