This paper covers the problems and dynamics that LGBTQI (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Queer and Intersex) asylum seekers face when they leave their country of origin and enter countries within the European Union. Only a small percentage of people that claim asylum on the basis of reasonable fear of persecution because of sexual orientation are granted asylum within these EU Member States, or some other form of international protection. The paper scans the relevant legislation that is supposed to protect asylum seekers in general and covers the three most important cases of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) on the treatment and assessment of asylum applications on the basis of fear of persecution because of sexual orientation. The case at hand needs to be seen within this general framework as we know it so far. F v Hungary concerns the case of a Nigerian national claiming asylum on the basis of fear of persecution in his country of origin because of his homosexuality. To determine his general credibility, the Hungarian determining authorities subjected F to three different psychological tests. However, the psychological experts could not confirm or deny F’s sexual orientation based on these tests. Consequently, the determining authorities decided that his general credibility could not be established and his claim for asylum was denied. The Hungarian Appeal Court requested a preliminary ruling before the CJEU. The Court ruled that in these cases it is not always necessary to determine the sexual orientation of an applicant. The CJEU stressed that, when assessing an asylum application, it does not matter whether or not an applicant actually identifies with the particular social group that attracts persecution. Scientific reports from medical, psychological or social experts can certainly be of value throughout the asylum application assessment, but determining authorities cannot be bound by such expert reports. Every case should undergo an in concreto assessment, taking into account the individual circumstances and with respect for human dignity, the right to respect for private and family life, and the right to an effective remedy as guaranteed by Articles 1, 7 and 47 of the EU Charter. Every interference with these rights should be in line with the proportionality principle. Finally, some suggestions are made to shape a future strategy and the development of asylum application assessment.

中文翻译：

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彩虹上的某个地方：关于使用心理测验确定寻求庇护者的性取向及其对私人生命权的影响（C-473 / 16号案件，2018年1月25日）

本文介绍了寻求庇护的LGBTQI（女同性恋，男同性恋，双性恋，同性恋和双性恋）在离开原籍国并进入欧盟国家时面临的问题和动态。只有一小部分基于对性取向的合理恐惧而遭受迫害的人申请庇护，这些欧盟成员国或某种其他形式的国际保护措施使他们获得了庇护。该文件扫描了本应保护一般寻求庇护者的相关立法，并涵盖了欧洲联盟法院（CJEU）基于担心遭受迫害而对庇护申请进行处理和评估的三个最重要案件。性取向。到目前为止，我们需要在这个通用框架内审视案件。F诉匈牙利案涉及一名尼日利亚国民因害怕因其同性恋而在其原籍国遭受迫害而提出庇护的案件。为了确定他的一般信誉，匈牙利确定当局对F进行了三种不同的心理测验。但是，根据这些测试，心理学专家无法确认或否认F的性取向。因此，确定当局决定无法确立他的一般信誉，他的庇护要求被拒绝。匈牙利上诉法院要求欧洲法院作出初步裁定。法院裁定，在这些情况下，不一定总是需要确定申请人的性取向。欧洲法院强调，在评估庇护申请时，申请人是否真正认同遭受迫害的特定社会群体并不重要。在整个庇护申请评估过程中，医学，心理或社会专家的科学报告肯定会很有价值，但是确定权威不受此类专家报告的约束。应根据个人情况和尊重人的尊严，尊重私人和家庭生活的权利以及《宪法》第1条，第7条和第47条所保障的有效补救权，对每一个案件进行全面评估。欧盟宪章。对这些权利的任何干涉都应符合相称原则。最后，提出了一些建议，以制定未来的策略和发展庇护申请评估。