This article examines the growing influences of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), and controversies arising as a result of the Court’s movement toward establishing itself as a de facto Supreme Court of member nations of the Council of Europe (CoE) in the area of human and civil rights, including religious freedom. Responses to criticisms of the Court are considered, as is the growing problem of some member states refusing to enforce rulings of the Court. Some recent cases, mostly involving Islam, that seem to demonstrate a growing recognition of the ethnic, cultural, and legal pluralism that exists within the expanded CoE are examined. Also discussed is the apparent two-track approach the Court has taken as a result of having to manage religious freedom within such a diverse group of member nations.

中文翻译：

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宗教自由的演变：欧洲人权法院努力应对种族，文化，宗教和法律多元化

本文考察了欧洲人权法院（ECtHR）日益增长的影响力，以及由于法院争取将其自身确立为欧洲委员会（CoE）成员国事实上的最高法院而引起的争议。人权和公民权利，包括宗教自由。考虑到对法院批评的回应，一些成员国拒绝执行法院裁决的问题日益严重。研究了最近的一些案例，其中大多数涉及伊斯兰教，这些案例似乎表明人们越来越认识到扩展的CoE中存在的种族，文化和法律多元化。还讨论了法院由于必须在这样一个多元化的成员国集团内部管理宗教自由而采取的明显的两轨制方法。