This study investigates the evolution of the import content of production and exports in Turkey for the 2002–2018 period. Based on 2002 and 2012 input-output tables and a large data set of production and foreign trade, we estimate the production and imported input use for 20 sectors, mainly from the manufacturing industry. We calculate import requirement ratios, comprising both direct and indirect effects, for each sector using the Leontief inverse matrix. Our findings indicate that import dependency increases for exports, but stays relatively stable for production over time. In general, the import content of production is lower than that of exports. This difference is mainly attributable to the services sector, which has low import dependency, yet a large share in production. Sectors with the highest import requirements are those with higher capital and technology intensity, such as petroleum products, basic metals, and motor vehicles. Agriculture, forestry and fishery; services and mining sectors have the lowest import requirements.

中文翻译：

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土耳其生产和出口的进口内容：部门分析

本研究调查了 2002 年至 2018 年期间土耳其生产和出口的进口内容的演变。基于2002年和2012年的投入产出表和大量的生产和外贸数据，我们估计了20个行业的生产和进口投入使用，主要来自制造业。我们使用 Leontief 逆矩阵计算每个部门的进口需求比率，包括直接和间接影响。我们的研究结果表明，出口的进口依存度增加，但随着时间的推移，生产保持相对稳定。一般而言，生产的进口含量低于出口含量。这种差异主要归因于服务业，其进口依存度较低，但在生产中所占份额较大。进口需求最高的行业是资本和技术密集度较高的行业，例如石油产品、基本金属和汽车。农业、林业和渔业；服务业和采矿业的进口要求最低。