Free movement of persons is a fundamental freedom and equal treatment its necessary corollary. Yet, both principles have come under pressure in the past decades. This article investigates three forms of mobility within the European Union (EU): workers, economically inactive persons and posted workers. In respect of all three categories, there is a tension between social and market interests, which appears most clearly when comparing their right of equal treatment. The balancing between market and social values is at the core of this research. We expect that the social market economy will, on the one hand, explain the ‘why’ in discussing the right of equal treatment of free movers and its limitations. On the other hand, the social market economy also has a normative dimension, which enables us to discuss perspectives on how equal treatment can develop, and make some propositions. We argue that the social component in the market economy requires a revision of what is seen as fair competition in the direction of outlawing social dumping. We also find that the persistence of the market elements pleads for the right to free movement of persons, which does not substantially disturb the economy of the host Member State.

中文翻译：

---

社会市场经济背景下的流动人平等待遇

人的自由流动是一项基本自由，平等对待是其必然的必然结果。然而，在过去的几十年中，这两个原则都面临着压力。本文研究了欧盟（EU）内部的三种流动形式：工人，经济上不活跃的人和在岗工人。在所有这三个类别中，社会利益和市场利益之间都存在一种张力，在比较它们的平等待遇权时，这一点最为明显。市场价值与社会价值之间的平衡是本研究的核心。我们期望，一方面，社会市场经济将解释讨论自由行人的平等待遇权及其局限性的“原因”。另一方面，社会市场经济也具有规范性，这使我们能够讨论有关如何发展平等待遇的观点，并提出一些主张。我们认为，市场经济中的社会组成部分需要在禁止社会倾销的方向上对所谓的公平竞争进行修订。我们还发现，市场要素的持久性要求人们有自由流动的权利，这基本上不会干扰东道国的经济。