A questionnaire was sent to the Ministries of Justice of all EU Member States, and by them to local lawyers and scholars to verify the answers, in order to determine the remedies provided by law and applied in daily practice in each country for a violation of the right to counsel in criminal proceedings. This article reports on the answers received. An overview of the gathered data is provided, complemented by a discussion of how the remedies for a violation of the right to counsel in Europe should evolve. Based on the gathered data, the author demonstrates that even after the transposition of Directive 2013/48/EU, the diversity of such remedies is very great between the Member States. As the strength of the right is dependent on the remedies provided when it is violated, the EU should address this diversity if its goal is to enhance the right to counsel in all criminal proceedings conducted in the EU.

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对欧洲联盟刑事诉讼中违反法律顾问权的（有效）补救措施：一项实证研究

向所有欧盟成员国的司法部发送了调查表，并由调查表向当地的律师和学者发送了调查表，以验证答案，以便确定法律规定的补救措施，并在每个国家的日常实践中适用于违反《公约》的行为。刑事诉讼中的辩护权。本文报告了收到的答案。概述了所收集的数据，并讨论了在欧洲如何发展侵犯律师权的补救措施。根据收集到的数据，作者证明，即使在转换指令2013/48 / EU之后，成员国之间此类补救措施的差异也很大。由于权利的强度取决于侵犯权利时所提供的补救措施，