Over the last 20 years, the Italian legislature has invested in alternative dispute resolution (ADR) methods with the aim of reducing the workload of the courts. Despite the progress of the ADR movement in Italy, it very soon became clear that ADR could not become a true alternative to traditional litigation: the parties and their lawyers still appear to prefer the court. This essay will initially provide an overview of the recent developments of ADR in Italy, especially mediation, as a means of problem-solving justice. This will be followed by an analysis of why the mediation process has failed and how mediation should be enhanced by judges (judicial conciliation). Then, the paper will conclude by attempting to synthesise the links between judicial mediation and the principle of therapeutic jurisprudence.

中文翻译：

---

意大利法律背景下的解决问题的司法和替代性纠纷解决

在过去的20年中，意大利立法机构已投资于替代性争议解决（ADR）方法，以减少法院的工作量。尽管意大利的ADR运动取得了进展，但很快就知道ADR并不能真正替代传统诉讼：当事方及其律师似乎仍然倾向于法院。本文将首先概述意大利ADR的最新发展，特别是作为解决问题司法手段的调解。接下来将分析调解程序失败的原因以及法官应如何加强调解（司法调解）。然后，本文将通过尝试综合司法调解与治疗法理学原理之间的联系而得出结论。