Combat sports and martial arts are in the first group of risk for sport injuries due to the direct contact of the opponents. The aim of this study was to estimate the specificity and the frequency of injuries in some combat sports: boxing, judo, jujitsu, and karate. The group of respondents was composed of 220 randomly selected sportsmen at the age of 11 to 49 (24,0 ± 7,75 years old on average), who have trained martial sports for at least 3 years. The cases of 202 respondents who admitted to be injured within last 3 years were further analysed. The study was based on the survey designed by the authors. The study shows that 92% of the participants were injured. The most frequent were foot injuries (18,8%), arm injuries (15,4 %); most of the injuries were bruises (50,6%). Injuries of the upper limbs were more frequent among boxers, whereas the lower limbs areas were more vulnerable to injuries among athletes training judo, jujitsu, and karate. Boxers reported to recover from injury faster (87,2%) then judokas (68,8%). Those practicing jujitsu were most likely to renew their injuries (43,5%), and judokas happened to renew their injuries less regularly (32,8%). Boxers tended to use preventive treatments most frequently, and jujitsu athletes admitted to do it the least often. We found that the groups prone to injuries the most were judokas and karate athletes; boxers were found to be the most resistant to injuries. There are specific injuries with the highest frequency in the area of the arm and foot experienced by boxing, judo, jujitsu and karate athletes. Respondents who did not use any medical treatment after the injury recovered fastest; injuries appeared to renew among sportsmen who underwent medical treatment earlier. Preventive treatment was reported by both athletes who experienced injuries and the respondents who were not injured at all.

中文翻译：

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某些格斗运动中受伤的类型和频率及其预防治疗

由于对手的直接接触，格斗运动和武术是第一类运动伤害风险。这项研究的目的是估计某些格斗运动的特殊性和受伤频率：拳击，柔道，柔术和空手道。受访者小组由220位随机选出的运动员组成，他们的年龄在11至49岁之间（平均24.0±7.75岁），他们接受了至少3年的武术运动训练。进一步分析了近三年来被承认受伤的202名受访者的案例。该研究基于作者设计的调查。研究表明，有92％的参与者受伤。最常见的是脚伤（18.8％），手臂伤（15.4％）；受伤最多的是瘀伤（50.6％）。拳击手中上肢受伤的频率更高，而在训练柔道，柔术和空手道的运动员中，下肢部位更容易受伤。据报道，拳击手从受伤中恢复的速度更快（87,2％），然后是柔道运动员（68.8％）。那些练习柔术的人最有可能更新其伤害（43.5％），而柔道运动员碰巧较少地更新其伤害（32.8％）。拳击手倾向于最频繁地使用预防疗法，而柔术运动员则承认最不经常这样做。我们发现，最容易受伤的人群是柔道运动员和空手道运动员。拳击手被发现对受伤的抵抗力最大。拳击，柔道，柔术和空手道运动员在手臂和脚部区域经历的特定伤害发生频率最高。受伤后未接受任何治疗的被调查者恢复最快；在较早接受治疗的运动员中，受伤似乎重新出现。发生受伤的运动员和完全没有受伤的被调查者都报告了预防性治疗。