Introduction: The purpose of the work is to theoretically and experimentally substantiate the influence of psychophysiological factors on individual performance in athletics sprint in high-qualified athletes on the example of an elite athlete. Material and methods: In this study, participated 1 athlete, 36 years of age, female. Athlete is specializing in short-distance running and long jump, the European Athletics Champion 2010; prize winner of the World Paralympic and Paralympic Games among athletes with visual impairments (T12 category) in 2016. The study was conducted for 5 months. Twice a week, testing was conducted (psychophysiological indicators and running speed); 36 tests of one athlete were conducted. Individual characteristics of the psychophysiological state and results in running for 100 m for five months were analyzed. Results. The models of multiple linear regression between results in 100 m run for an elite athlete with visual impairment and psychophysiological indices are compiled. High importance of psychophysiological indices in individual performance in running on 100 m is shown. Conclusions. Compensatory mechanisms of visual function deficiency were established to maintain high speed in the 100 m run as psychophysiological functions: indicators characteristic of sprinters (speed of simple reaction and motility of the nervous system) and specific indicators (efficiency, strength of the nervous system).

中文翻译：

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以精英运动员为例，视力障碍运动员神经系统的形态学特征对短距离跑步中个人表现的影响

简介：这项工作的目的是从理论上和实验上证明心理生理因素对高水平运动员田径短跑个人成绩的影响，以优秀运动员为例。材料和方法：在这项研究中，参加了1名36岁的运动员，女性。运动员擅长短距离奔跑和跳远，获得了2010年欧洲田径锦标赛冠军；2016年，世界残奥会和残奥会视力障碍运动员（T12类）获得冠军。研究进行了5个月。每周两次进行测试（心理生理指标和跑步速度）；对一名运动员进行了36次测试。分析了心理生理状态的个体特征以及在五个月内跑100 m的结果。结果。编制了具有视觉障碍和心理生理指标的优秀运动员在100 m跑成绩之间的多元线性回归模型。显示了在100 m跑步中心理生理指标对个人表现的高度重要性。结论。建立了视觉功能缺失的补偿机制，以维持100 m的高速运行，作为心理生理功能：短跑运动员的指标（简单反应的速度和神经系统的运动）和特定指标（效率，神经系统的强度）。