The construction of millimeter-structured surface beams by superimposing scalar Bessel beams has proven to be a powerful technique for creating visual two-dimensional (2D) images in lossless media. In the present paper, we show that surface frozen waves can indeed be designed even in media having non-zero extinction ratios. Examples are provided for specific surface intensity patterns, revealing that our proposed solutions are promising candidates for a wide range of applications encompassing optical trapping displays, 2D and three-dimensional (3D) imaging and printing, nanochannel ablation in glass, optical trapping and manipulation of micro-sized particles and atoms, and so on.

中文翻译：

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耐衍射和衰减的表面光束，毫米级结构

通过叠加标量贝塞尔光束构造毫米结构表面光束已被证明是一种在无损媒体中创建可视二维（2D）图像的强大技术。在本文中，我们表明即使在具有非零消光比的介质中，也确实可以设计表面冻结波。提供了用于特定表面强度图案的示例，表明我们提出的解决方案是广泛应用的有前途的候选者，包括光学陷波显示器，2D和三维（3D）成像和印刷，玻璃中的纳米通道消融，光学陷波和光的操纵。微米级的粒子和原子，等等。