In this paper, we review the current state of phase plate imaging in a transmission electron microscope (TEM). We focus especially on the hole-free phase plate (HFPP) design, also referred to as the Volta phase plate (VPP). We discuss the implementation, operating principles and applications of phase plate imaging. We provide an imaging theory that accounts for inelastic scattering in both the sample and in the HFPP.

中文翻译：

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透射电子显微镜中的相位板：工作原理和应用

在本文中，我们回顾了透射电子显微镜 (TEM) 中相位板成像的当前状态。我们特别关注无孔相位板 (HFPP) 设计，也称为 Volta 相位板 (VPP)。我们讨论了相位板成像的实现、工作原理和应用。我们提供了一种解释样品和 HFPP 中非弹性散射的成像理论。