The operation of video gambling terminals (VGTs) in Illinois has been increasing since they were legalized in 2009, then implemented in 2012. Past research has found that while gambling expenditures are positively correlated with income, they are also regressive in that, as a proportion of individual income, they are negatively correlated with income. Very little research has focused on the effects of VGTs, particularly those located in non-casino establishments. Unlike the state lottery, another form of widespread gambling outside of casinos, VGTs, also known as slot machines, are a form of gambling where substantial amounts of money can be lost quickly. We seek to provide evidence on how their proliferation and revenues relate to income and other neighborhood characteristics. Using detailed VGT revenue data from the Illinois Gaming Board from 2017 and demographic data from the 2016 5-year American Community Survey, this study investigates the relationships of the number of VGTs in operation, and the expenditures on VGTs with the local poverty rate and other socioeconomic variables at the zip code level. Our results indicate that a 1 percentage point higher poverty rate is associated with 1.47% higher VGT expenditures per capita, and 1.17% more VGTs per 10,000 population. The OLS results are not significantly biased by sample selection or spatial auto-correlation. These findings suggest that VGT gambling is negatively correlated with neighborhood income which implies that the taxation of VGT revenue is a regressive tax policy.

自2009年合法化之后，伊利诺伊州的视频赌博终端（VGT）的运营一直在增加，然后在2012年开始实施。过去的研究发现，尽管赌博支出与收入呈正相关，但在一定程度上它们也是递减的在个人收入中，它们与收入呈负相关。很少有研究关注VGT的影响，尤其是那些位于非赌场场所的VGT。与国家彩票不同，在赌场之外的另一种广泛赌博的方式是VGT，也称为老虎机，是一种赌博形式，大量金钱可以迅速流失。我们力求提供证据，证明其扩散和收入如何与收入和其他邻里特征相关。本研究使用伊利诺伊州博彩委员会2017年的详细VGT收入数据和2016年的5年美国社区调查的人口统计数据，调查了运营中的VGT数量以及VGT支出与当地贫困率和其他因素之间的关系。邮政编码级别的社会经济变量。我们的结果表明，贫困率每升高1个百分点，人均VGT支出将增加1.47％，每10,000人口中VGT支出将增加1.17％。OLS结果不会因样本选择或空间自相关而出现明显偏差。这些发现表明，VGT赌博与社区收入负相关，这意味着VGT收入的税收是一种递归税收政策。这项研究调查了运营中的VGT数量，邮政编码上的支出与当地贫困率和其他社会经济变量之间的关系。我们的结果表明，贫困率每升高1个百分点，人均VGT支出将增加1.47％，每10,000人口中VGT支出将增加1.17％。OLS结果不会因样本选择或空间自相关而出现明显偏差。这些发现表明，VGT赌博与社区收入负相关，这意味着VGT收入的税收是一种递归税收政策。这项研究调查了运营中的VGT数量，邮政编码上的支出与当地贫困率和其他社会经济变量之间的关系。我们的结果表明，贫困率每升高1个百分点，人均VGT支出将增加1.47％，每10,000人口中VGT支出将增加1.17％。OLS结果不会因样本选择或空间自相关而出现明显偏差。这些发现表明，VGT赌博与社区收入负相关，这意味着VGT收入的税收是一种递归税收政策。我们的结果表明，贫困率每升高1个百分点，人均VGT支出将增加1.47％，每10,000人口中VGT支出将增加1.17％。OLS结果不会因样本选择或空间自相关而出现明显偏差。这些发现表明，VGT赌博与社区收入负相关，这意味着VGT收入的税收是一种递归税收政策。我们的结果表明，贫困率每升高1个百分点，人均VGT支出将增加1.47％，每10,000人口中VGT支出将增加1.17％。OLS结果不会因样本选择或空间自相关而出现明显偏差。这些发现表明，VGT赌博与社区收入负相关，这意味着VGT收入的税收是一种递归税收政策。