As compared to the well explored problem of how to steer a macroscopic agent, like an airplane or a moon lander, to optimally reach a target, optimal navigation strategies for microswimmers experiencing hydrodynamic interactions with walls and obstacles are far-less understood. Here, we systematically explore this problem and show that the characteristic microswimmer-flow-field crucially influences the navigation strategy required to reach a target in the fastest way. The resulting optimal trajectories can have remarkable and non-intuitive shapes, which qualitatively differ from those of dry active particles or motile macroagents. Our results provide insights into the role of hydrodynamics and fluctuations on optimal navigation at the microscale, and suggest that microorganisms might have survival advantages when strategically controlling their distance to remote walls.

与如何操纵诸如飞机或月球着陆器之类的宏观代理以最佳地达到目标的深入研究的问题相比，对于微游泳者遇到与墙壁和障碍物进行流体动力相互作用的最佳导航策略还知之甚少。在这里，我们系统地探讨了这个问题，并显示出特征性的微掠流场对以最快方式达到目标所需的导航策略至关重要。所得的最佳轨迹可能具有明显且非直觉的形状，在质量上与干燥的活性颗粒或可移动的大分子物质不同。我们的结果提供了有关水动力和波动在微观最佳导航中的作用的见解，