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Summertime Transport Pathways From Different Northern Hemisphere Regions Into the Arctic
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-01 , DOI: 10.1029/2020jd033811
Cheng Zheng 1 , Yutian Wu 1 , Mingfang Ting 1 , Clara Orbe 2 , Xinyue Wang 3 , Simone Tilmes 3
Affiliation  

Trace gases and aerosols play an important role in Arctic chemistry and climate. As most Arctic tracers and aerosols are transported from midlatitude source regions, long‐range transport into the Arctic is one of the key factors to understand the current and future states of Arctic climate. While previous studies have investigated the airmass fraction and transit time distribution in the Arctic, the actual transport pathways and their underlying dynamics and efficiencies are yet to be understood. In this study, we implement a large ensemble of idealized tagged pulse passive tracers in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model version 5 to identify and analyze summertime transport pathways from different Northern Hemisphere surface regions into the Arctic. Three different transport pathways are identified as those associated with fast, intermediate and slow time scales. Midlatitude tracers can be transported into the Arctic in the troposphere via the fast transport pathway (∼8 days), which moves tracers northward from the source region mainly through transient eddies. For the intermediate transport pathway, which happens on 1–3 weeks’ time scales, midlatitude tracers are first zonally transported by the jet stream, and then advected northward into the Arctic over Alaska and northern North Atlantic. Tropical and subtropical tracers are transported into the Arctic lower stratosphere via the slow transport pathway (1–3 months), as the tracers are lifted upward into the tropical and subtropical lower stratosphere, and then transported into the Arctic following the isentropic surfaces.

中文翻译:

从北半球不同地区到北极的夏季运输路径

微量气体和气溶胶在北极化学和气候中起着重要作用。由于大多数北极示踪剂和气溶胶都是从中纬度源区运输的,因此远距离运输进入北极是了解北极气候当前和未来状态的关键因素之一。尽管先前的研究已经调查了北极的气团分数和飞行时间分布,但实际的运输路径及其潜在的动力学和效率尚待了解。在这项研究中,我们在整个大气社区气候模型版本5中实现了一个理想的带标签的脉冲无源示踪物大集合,以识别和分析从北半球不同表面区域到北极的夏季运输路径。三种不同的运输途径被确定为与快速,中等和较慢的时间尺度。中纬度示踪剂可通过快速运输途径(约8天)被运到对流层的北极,这主要通过瞬变涡流将示踪剂从源区向北移动。对于发生在1-3周时间范围内的中间运输路径,中纬度示踪剂首先通过射流进行分区运输,然后向北平流到阿拉斯加和北大西洋北部的北极地区。热带和亚热带示踪剂通过缓慢的运输路径(1-3个月)被运送到北极低平流层,因为示踪剂被向上提升到热带和亚热带低平流层,然后沿着等熵面被运送到北极。中纬度示踪剂可通过快速运输途径(约8天)被运到对流层的北极,这主要通过瞬变涡流将示踪剂从源区向北移动。对于发生在1-3周时间范围内的中间运输路径,中纬度示踪剂首先通过射流进行分区运输,然后向北平流到阿拉斯加和北大西洋北部的北极地区。热带和亚热带示踪剂通过缓慢的运输路径(1-3个月)被运送到北极低平流层,随着示踪剂被向上提升到热带和亚热带低平流层,然后沿着等熵面被运送到北极。中纬度示踪剂可通过快速运输途径(约8天)被运到对流层的北极,这主要通过瞬变涡流将示踪剂从源区向北移动。对于发生在1-3周时间范围内的中间运输路径,中纬度示踪剂首先通过射流进行分区运输,然后向北平流到阿拉斯加和北大西洋北部的北极地区。热带和亚热带示踪剂通过缓慢的运输路径(1-3个月)被运送到北极低平流层,随着示踪剂被向上提升到热带和亚热带低平流层,然后沿着等熵面被运送到北极。对于发生在1-3周时间范围内的中间运输路径,中纬度示踪剂首先通过射流进行分区运输,然后向北平流到阿拉斯加和北大西洋北部的北极地区。热带和亚热带示踪剂通过缓慢的运输路径(1-3个月)被运送到北极低平流层,随着示踪剂被向上提升到热带和亚热带低平流层,然后沿着等熵面被运送到北极。对于发生在1-3周时间范围内的中间运输路径,中纬度示踪剂首先通过射流进行分区运输,然后向北平流到阿拉斯加和北大西洋北部的北极地区。热带和亚热带示踪剂通过缓慢的运输路径(1-3个月)被运送到北极低平流层,随着示踪剂被向上提升到热带和亚热带低平流层,然后沿着等熵面被运送到北极。
更新日期:2021-02-22
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