Floral resource diversification promotes solitary bee reproduction and may offset insecticide effects – evidence from a semi‐field experiment,Ecology Letters

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Floral resource diversification promotes solitary bee reproduction and may offset insecticide effects – evidence from a semi‐field experiment
Ecology Letters ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-01 , DOI: 10.1111/ele.13683
Felix Klaus ₁ , Teja Tscharntke ₁ , Gabriela Bischoff ₂ , Ingo Grass _{1,

3}

Affiliation

Pollinator declines in agricultural landscapes are driven by multiple stressors, but potential interactions of these remain poorly studied. Using a highly replicated semi‐field study with 56 mesocosms of varying wild plant diversity (2–16 species) and oilseed rape treated with a neonicotinoid, we tested the interacting effects of resource diversity and insecticides on reproduction of a solitary wild bee. Compared to mesocosms with oilseed rape monocultures, availability of resources from wild plants complementing oilseed rape doubled brood cell production. In addition, bee reproduction increased due to plant diversity and identity effects. Exposure to neonicotinoid‐treated oilseed rape reduced bee larval to adult development by 69%, but only in mesocosms with oilseed rape monocultures. Availability of complementary flower resources can thus offset negative effects of neonicotinoid‐treated oilseed rape on wild bee reproduction. Policy should encourage the implementation of diverse floral resources mitigating negative effects of crop monocultures and insecticides, thereby sustaining solitary bee populations in agricultural landscapes.

中文翻译：

花卉资源的多样化促进了蜜蜂的繁殖，并可能抵消了杀虫剂的作用–来自半田间试验的证据

农业景观中授粉媒介数量的下降是由多种压力因素驱动的，但是这些因素之间的潜在相互作用仍未得到很好的研究。使用高度重复的半田间研究，研究了56种具有不同野生植物多样性（2–16种）的中观，并用新烟碱处理过的油菜，我们测试了资源多样性和杀虫剂对单生野生蜜蜂繁殖的相互作用。与油菜单一栽培的中观相比，野生植物补充油菜资源的利用率使育雏细胞产量翻了一番。此外，由于植物的多样性和同一性效应，蜜蜂的繁殖也有所增加。暴露于新烟碱处理过的油菜油菜中，使成虫发育的蜜蜂幼虫减少了69％，但仅在油菜油菜单一栽培的中观中。因此，补充花资源的可获得性可以抵消新烟碱处理的油菜对野生蜂繁殖的负面影响。政策应鼓励实施多样化的花卉资源，以减轻农作物单一栽培和杀虫剂的负面影响，从而维持农业景观中的单蜂种群。

更新日期：2021-03-16

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