The article provides a review of the research results obtained during of more than 20 years concerning using the gaseous radiochemical method (GRCM) for detecting of ionizing radiation. This method based on threshold nuclear reactions with production of radioactive noble gas which does not interact with the materials of gaseous tract. The applications of GRCM in the diagnostics of neutrinos, neutrons, charged particles, thermonuclear plasma thermometry, and the study of the structure and dynamics of astrophysical objects, position-sensitive dosimetry of neutron targets with accelerator driving, spatial distribution of the fast neutron flux density in a nuclear reactor allowing the transformation of longitudinal coordinate of neutron flux distribution into a temporal distribution of the radiochemical gas decay counting rate (“barcode” semblance) and measurement of bombarding particles spectra are described. Experimental testing of the described technologies was made on the neutron target driven with the linear proton accelerator of Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences (INR RAS).

文章综述了20多年来气体放射化学法（GRCM）检测电离辐射的研究成果。该方法基于阈值核反应，产生不与气态物质相互作用的放射性惰性气体。GRCM在中微子、中子、带电粒子诊断、热核等离子体测温、天体结构和动力学研究、加速器驱动中子目标位置敏感剂量学等方面的应用，描述了核反应堆中快中子通量密度的空间分布，允许将中子通量分布的纵向坐标转换为放射化学气体衰变计数率（“条形码”外观）的时间分布，并描述了轰击粒子谱的测量。所述技术的实验测试是在俄罗斯科学院核研究所 (INR RAS) 的线性质子加速器驱动的中子靶上进行的。