The aim of the present study was to analyze the chemical composition of Curcuma longa, Pimenta dioica, Rosmarinus officinalis, and Syzygium aromaticum essential oils (EOs) and their antifungal and anti-conidiogenic activity against Fusarium verticillioides. The chemical profile of the EOs was determined by GC/MS. The antifungal and anti-conidiogenic activities were evaluated by the agar dilution method. The tested concentrations were 1000 ppm, 500 ppm, 250 ppm and 125 ppm. S. aromaticum EO exhibited the highest antifungal effect, followed by P. dioica and to a lesser extent C. longa. The major compounds of these EOs were eugenol (88.70% in S. aromaticum and 16.70% in P. dioica), methyl eugenol (53.09% in P. dioica), and α-turmerone (44.70%), β-turmerone (20.67%), and Ar-turmerone (17.27%) in C. longa. Rosmarinus officinalis poorly inhibited fungal growth; however, it was the only EO that inhibited conidial production, with its major components being 1,8-cineole (53.48%), α-pinene (15.65%), and (−)-camphor (9.57%). Our results showed that some compounds are capable of decreasing mycelial growth without affecting sporulation, and vice versa. However, not all the compounds of an EO are responsible for its bioactivity. In the present work, we were able to identify different major compounds or mixtures of major compounds that were responsible for antifungal and anti-conidiogenic effects. Further experiments combining these pure components are necessary in order to achieve a highly bioactive natural formulation against the phytopathogenic fungus F. verticillioides.

本研究的目的是分析的化学组成姜黄，Pimenta的腿子，迷迭香，和丁香精油（EOS）和针对其的抗真菌和抗酶活性conidiogenic串珠镰刀菌。EO 的化学特征由 GC/MS 确定。抗真菌和抗分生孢子活性通过琼脂稀释法进行评价。测试浓度为 1000  ppm、500  ppm、250  ppm 和 125  ppm。芳香S. EO表现出最高的抗真菌作用，随后P.腿子和在较小程度上C.姜黄. 这些个EO的主要化合物是丁子香酚（在88.70％S.芳香和16.70％P.腿子），甲基丁香酚（在53.09％P.腿子），和α-姜黄酮（44.70％），β-姜黄酮（20.67％ ) 和C. longa 中的Ar-姜黄酮 (17.27%) 。迷迭香真菌生长抑制不良；然而，它是唯一抑制分生孢子产生的 EO，其主要成分是 1,8-桉树脑 (53.48%)、α-蒎烯 (15.65%) 和 (-)-樟脑 (9.57%)。我们的结果表明，一些化合物能够在不影响孢子形成的情况下减少菌丝体生长，反之亦然。然而，并非 EO 的所有化合物都对其生物活性负责。在目前的工作中，我们能够识别出不同的主要化合物或主要化合物的混合物，它们具有抗真菌和抗分生孢子作用。结合这些纯成分的进一步实验是必要的，以便获得针对植物病原真菌轮枝杆菌的高生物活性天然制剂。