Residual or capillary trapping is an important mechanism of CO₂ trapping in underground porous media. Recent experimental investigation has shown that relative permeability and capillary pressure are function of saturation changing direction or hysteresis phenomenon in addition to the saturation and hysteresis leads to irreversible change in relative permeability and capillary pressure curve. In this paper, an extended review was performed on the relative permeability hysteresis models. Moreover, an experimental investigation was conducted during CO₂ injection as the non–wetting phase in carbonate rocks at pressure and temperature of 10.3 MPa and 60 ℃. In this study, the effects of absolute permeability of carbonate rock samples and CO₂ injection strategy on hysteresis phenomenon in the CO₂ residual trapping process were investigated. During first part of experiments, CO₂ relative permeability was examined during CO₂ injection and brine injection at constant rate of 0.2 cc/min as drainage and imbibition process for different absolute permeability of rock samples. During second part of experiments, CO₂ trapping saturation was calculated during the continuous CO₂ injection and CO₂ Water Alternative Gas (WAG) injection. Results of first part of experiments showed that increasing of the absolute permeability leads to increasing initial and residual CO₂ saturation at the end of drainage and imbibition process, respectively. Moreover, it was concluded that increasing rock permeability results in increasing of the hysteresis effect on the CO₂ relative permeability. In the second part of experiments, results revealed that CO₂ WAG injection strategy has higher CO₂ residual saturation in compared to CO₂ continuous injection at equal pore volume of injected CO₂. The findings of this paper can be applied for investigating of CO₂ sequestration projects in aquifers for improvements of CO₂ residual trapping and studying the performance of capillary trapping as one of the main mechanisms of CO₂ trapping.

残留或毛细管捕集是地下多孔介质中CO ₂捕集的重要机制。最近的实验研究表明，相对渗透率和毛细管压力除饱和度和滞后作用外，还与饱和度变化方向或滞后现象有关，这会导致相对渗透率和毛细管压力曲线发生不可逆变化。在本文中，对相对磁导率滞后模型进行了广泛的审查。此外，在压力为10.3 MPa和温度为60℃的碳酸盐岩中，CO ₂注入过程中作为非润湿相进行了实验研究。在这项研究中，碳酸盐岩样品和CO ₂的绝对渗透率的影响研究了CO ₂残留捕集过程中滞后现象的注入策略。在实验的第一部分中，在CO ₂注入和盐水注入过程中，以0.2 cc / min的恒定速率检查了CO ₂相对渗透率，作为岩石样品不同绝对渗透率的排水和吸收过程。在实验第二部分，CO ₂捕集饱和度连续CO期间计算₂注射和CO ₂的水替代气体（WAG）注射。实验第一部分的结果表明，绝对磁导率的增加导致初始和残留CO _2的增加排水和吸水过程结束时分别处于饱和状态。此外，得出的结论是，增加岩石渗透率会导致对CO ₂相对渗透率的磁滞效应增加。在实验的第二部分中，结果表明，与在相等的注入CO ₂孔体积下连续注入CO ₂相比，CO ₂ WAG注入策略具有更高的CO ₂残留饱和度。本文的研究结果可用于调查含水层中的CO ₂固存项目，以改善CO ₂残留捕集，并研究毛细管捕集作为CO ₂的主要机理之一的性能。 诱捕。