Previously studies found that Rheum palmatum L. water extract residues contains the abundant five anthraquinones, and could be used as a renewable source to enrich active compounds for industrial uses. In this paper, we found that the ultrasound- assisted extraction method could be used to enrich five anthraquinones from R. palmatum water extract residues; in addition, the extraction yields of this method were better than those of conventional extraction methods. Among of five anthraquinones, rhein had the strongest antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea with an EC₅₀ value of 8.28 μg/mL; it has marked preventative efficacy in vivo. RNA-Seq analysis and further studies showed that rhein significantly destroyed mitochondrial structure and functions, inhibited the tricarboxylic acid cycle and then blocked energy production to kill B. cinerea mycelia. This study laid the foundation for the further development of R. palmatum residues as a renewable source for anthraquinones extracted using the ultrasound-assisted extraction method, and rhein could be used as an alternative, environmentally friendly biofungicide.

先前的研究发现大黄大黄提取物残留物中含有丰富的五种蒽醌，可作为可再生资源来丰富工业用活性化合物。在本文中，我们发现超声辅助提取方法可用于从棕榈棕榈水提取物中提取五种蒽醌。另外，该方法的提取得率优于常规提取方法。在五个蒽醌中，大黄酸对灰葡萄孢具有最强的抗真菌活性，EC ₅₀值为8.28μg/ mL。具有明显的体内预防作用。RNA-Seq分析和进一步的研究表明，大黄酸显着破坏线粒体的结构和功能，抑制三羧酸循环，然后阻止能量产生，从而杀死灰葡萄孢菌。该研究为进一步发展奠定了基础大黄残基作为使用超声辅助提取法提取蒽醌可再生来源，和大黄酸可以用来作为一种替代，环保biofungicide。