Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals materials are both highly deformable atomic membranes and electrically active quantum materials. Most electronic and quantum states in both monolayer 2D materials and heterostructures are highly sensitive to strain and interlayer structure, and thus may be tuned mechanically. Here we explore the current frontiers using 2D material mechanics to sense, tune, tailor or even reconfigure electronic properties, device behavior and quantum states. We compare the relative impacts of different kinds of mechanical perturbations including in-plane strain, out-of-plane vibrations, inhomogeneous three-dimensional deformations, instabilities of membranes under compression like crumpling and wrinkling, and interlayer slip. Throughout, we explore how each form of coupling may be used for applications that cannot be realized in the flat unperturbed materials including tunable nanoelectromechanical systems, strain resilient electronics, multifunctional surfaces and reconfigurable quantum systems.

二维（2D）范德华材料既是高度可变形的原子膜又是电活性量子材料。单层2D材料和异质结构中的大多数电子和量子态对应变和层间结构高度敏感，因此可以进行机械调整。在这里，我们探索使用2D材料力学来感测，调整，调整甚至重新配置电子特性，设备行为和量子态的当前前沿。我们比较了各种机械扰动的相对影响，包括平面内应变，平面外振动，不均匀的三维变形，膜在压缩下的不稳定性，如皱纹和皱纹，以及层间滑移。始终，