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Age-dependent changes of gender disparities in nasopharyngeal carcinoma survival
Biology of Sex Differences ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-30 , DOI: 10.1186/s13293-021-00361-8
Wang-Zhong Li 1, 2 , Shu-Hui Lv 1, 2 , Guo-Ying Liu 1, 2 , Hu Liang 1, 2 , Wei-Xiong Xia 2 , Yan-Qun Xiang 1, 2
Affiliation  

The mortality of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is usually lower in females than in males, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. We sought to describe the age-dependent patterns of gender disparities in NPC survival and explore the extent to which the confounder or mediation effects could explain these differences. A total of 11,980 patients with NPC were reviewed. The effect of gender on cancer-specific survival (CSS) was assessed using Cox regression analyses. Two propensity score methods were conducted to control the confounding bias between genders. Restricted cubic spline regression was used to model the association of gender and age with mortality flexibly. Multiple mediation analysis was applied to estimate the direct or indirect effect of gender on CSS. Overall, 7026 males and 2320 females were analyzed. The crude CSS was significantly higher for females than males (10-year CSS 78.4% vs 70.3%; P < 0.001). Similar results were observed after adjusting for confounding bias. Gender disparities in NPC-specific mortality were age-dependent, where they would increase with age until peaking at age 55–60 years and decline rapidly afterward. Subgroup analyses revealed that females’ survival advantage was observed in the 18–45 age group and was more prominent in the 46–55 age group, but vanished in the > 55 age group. Either confounder or mediation effects only accounted for approximately 20% of the gender differences. Gender disparities in cancer-specific mortality for patients with NPC were age-dependent. The differences mostly cannot be explained by confounder or mediation effects.

中文翻译:

鼻咽癌生存中性别差异的年龄依赖性变化

女性鼻咽癌 (NPC) 的死亡率通常低于男性,但其潜在机制在很大程度上仍不清楚。我们试图描述 NPC 生存中性别差异的年龄依赖性模式,并探索混杂或中介效应可以在多大程度上解释这些差异。共审查了 11,980 名 NPC 患者。使用 Cox 回归分析评估性别对癌症特异性生存 (CSS) 的影响。进行了两种倾向评分方法来控制性别之间的混杂偏差。限制三次样条回归用于灵活地模拟性别和年龄与死亡率的关联。应用多重中介分析来估计性别对 CSS 的直接或间接影响。总共分析了 7026 名男性和 2320 名女性。女性的粗 CSS 显着高于男性(10 年 CSS 78.4% vs 70.3%;P < 0.001)。在调整混杂偏倚后观察到类似的结果。NPC 特异性死亡率的性别差异与年龄有关,它们会随着年龄的增长而增加,直到 55-60 岁达到峰值,然后迅速下降。亚组分析显示,女性的生存优势在 18-45 岁年龄组中观察到,在 46-55 岁年龄组中更为突出,但在 > 55 岁年龄组中消失。混杂因素或中介效应仅占性别差异的大约 20%。NPC 患者癌症特异性死亡率的性别差异与年龄有关。这些差异大多不能用混杂效应或中介效应来解释。3%;P < 0.001)。在调整混杂偏倚后观察到类似的结果。NPC 特异性死亡率的性别差异与年龄有关,它们会随着年龄的增长而增加,直到 55-60 岁达到峰值,然后迅速下降。亚组分析显示,女性的生存优势在 18-45 岁年龄组中观察到,在 46-55 岁年龄组中更为突出,但在 > 55 岁年龄组中消失。混杂因素或中介效应仅占性别差异的大约 20%。NPC 患者癌症特异性死亡率的性别差异与年龄有关。这些差异大多不能用混杂效应或中介效应来解释。3%;P < 0.001)。在调整混杂偏倚后观察到类似的结果。NPC 特异性死亡率的性别差异与年龄有关,它们会随着年龄的增长而增加,直到 55-60 岁达到峰值,然后迅速下降。亚组分析显示,女性的生存优势在 18-45 岁年龄组中观察到,在 46-55 岁年龄组中更为突出,但在 > 55 岁年龄组中消失。混杂因素或中介效应仅占性别差异的大约 20%。NPC 患者癌症特异性死亡率的性别差异与年龄有关。这些差异大多不能用混杂效应或中介效应来解释。它们会随着年龄的增长而增加,直到 55-60 岁达到顶峰,然后迅速下降。亚组分析显示,女性的生存优势在 18-45 岁年龄组中观察到,在 46-55 岁年龄组中更为突出,但在 > 55 岁年龄组中消失。混杂因素或中介效应仅占性别差异的大约 20%。NPC 患者癌症特异性死亡率的性别差异与年龄有关。这些差异大多不能用混杂效应或中介效应来解释。它们会随着年龄的增长而增加,直到 55-60 岁达到顶峰,然后迅速下降。亚组分析显示,女性的生存优势在 18-45 岁年龄组中观察到,在 46-55 岁年龄组中更为突出,但在 > 55 岁年龄组中消失。混杂因素或中介效应仅占性别差异的大约 20%。NPC 患者癌症特异性死亡率的性别差异与年龄有关。这些差异大多不能用混杂效应或中介效应来解释。混杂因素或中介效应仅占性别差异的大约 20%。NPC 患者癌症特异性死亡率的性别差异与年龄有关。这些差异大多不能用混杂效应或中介效应来解释。混杂因素或中介效应仅占性别差异的大约 20%。NPC 患者癌症特异性死亡率的性别差异与年龄有关。这些差异大多不能用混杂效应或中介效应来解释。
更新日期:2021-01-31
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