Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) schemes is a popular tool to address the problem of environmental degradation. However, these projects do not always produce their best outputs due to the inefficiencies of sustainable development policies. Although some sources of inefficiencies cannot be controlled, the implementation of PES systems following the integrated approach (more than one project acting on the same site) is expected to increase their benefits and offer solutions to some of their problems. Moreover, this integration should provide an optimal combination of both short and long-term ecosystem services, ensuring resilience to environmental and social change. This study analyses nine combinations of PES schemes and a Rural Development (RD) project in three regions of Rio de Janeiro – Brazil. The focus is to analyse how different schemes can promote a continuous and long-term provision of the ecosystem services targeted by each project, as well to assess how the schemes, in general, can contribute to increasing the socio-ecological resilience of the benefitted area. Desk research and field interviews were conducted to obtain the necessary information to analyse the costs and benefits of the schemes. The data collected has provided us with qualitative information to illustrate the theory behind the project, and people's lived experiences. These outcomes and other socio-economic and environmental parameters were analysed through a Multicriteria Decision Analysis. The paper shows the integrated approaches have offered the best trade-off among the costs and benefits in all regions. At the same time, they have a high potential to ensure the sustainability of the ecosystem services in that area while acting towards a resilient community/environment.

生态系统服务付费（PES）计划是解决环境退化问题的流行工具。但是，由于可持续发展政策效率低下，这些项目并非总能产生最好的产出。尽管无法控制某些效率低下的根源，但按照综合方法（多个项目在同一地点进行操作）实施PES系统，有望增加其收益并提供解决某些问题的方法。此外，这种整合应提供短期和长期生态系统服务的最佳组合，确保对环境和社会变化的适应力。这项研究分析了巴西里约热内卢三个地区的PES计划和农村发展（RD）项目的九种组合。重点是分析不同的计划如何促进每个项目针对的生态系统服务的长期和长期提供，以及评估这些计划总体上如何有助于增加受益地区的社会生态适应力。进行了案头研究和现场访谈，以获取必要的信息，以分析该计划的成本和收益。收集的数据为我们提供了定性信息，以说明该项目背后的理论以及人们的生活经验。这些结果以及其他社会经济和环境参数通过多准则决策分析进行了分析。本文显示，综合方法已在所有地区的成本和收益之间提供了最佳的权衡。同时，