This study investigates columnar optical, microphysical and radiative properties of aerosols retrieved from the ground-based Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) station located in Minsk, Belarus. Mean values of aerosol optical depth (AOD), a measure of the amount of incoming light that aerosols prevent from reaching the surface, at a wavelength of 440 nm (AOD₄₄₀) and Ångström exponent at 440–870 (AE_440-870) between April 2002 and December 2019 were 0.22 ± 0.17 and 1.42 ± 0.29. A gradual decline of AOD₄₄₀ by −0.009 and increase of AE_440-870 by +0.0009 per year was noted. Seasonal change of AOD₄₄₀ (AE_440-870) demonstrates the highest values are in spring to summer and the lowest values are in winter for both indices. The data showed that the atmosphere over Minsk is under impact of various aerosol types with dominance of Continental Clean (СС) (52.21%), Mixed (MX) (24.30%) and Biomass burning/Urban-industrial (BUI) (20.54%) aerosol types, accounting for 97.05% of all aerosols. Aerosol volume size distribution (VSD), that defines the volume of all aerosol particles in the vertical atmosphere column, demonstrates a bimodal structure with clearly identified fine and coarse particles centered within a radius of 0.11–0.19 μm and 3.86–5.06 μm. Analysis of Asymmetry (ASY) parameter, Single scattering albedo (SSA), and Real and Imaginary Refractive Index (RRI and IRI) indicate the predominance of coarse-mode particles in autumn and winter; and fine-mode particles in spring and summer. The averaged aerosol direct radiative forcing (ARF) showed a cooling effect at the surface (SRF) and a significant warming in the atmosphere (ATM). The atmospheric heating rates varied from 0.40 ± 0.21 K day⁻¹ (autumn) to 0.64 ± 0.38 K day⁻¹ (winter). The results indicate definite changes in the aerosol optical, physical properties and types over Minsk during the study period.

这项研究调查了从位于白俄罗斯明斯克的地面气溶胶机器人网络（AERONET）站获取的气溶胶的柱状光学，微物理和辐射特性。气溶胶光学深度（AOD）的平均值，在440 nm（AOD ₄₄₀）波长和440-870（AE _440-870）之间的Ångström指数之间，表示气溶胶阻止到达表面的入射光量2002年4月和2019年12月分别为0.22±0.17和1.42±0.29。注意到每年AOD ₄₄₀逐渐降低_-0.009，AE _440-870升高+0.0009。AOD _440的季节性变化（AE _440-870）表明这两个指数的最大值在春季至夏季，而最小值在冬季。数据显示，明斯克上空的大气受到各种气溶胶的影响，其中大陆清洁（СС）（52.21％），混合（MX）（24.30％）和生物质燃烧/城市工业（BUI）（20.54％）占主导地位气溶胶类型，占所有气溶胶的97.05％。定义垂直大气柱中所有气溶胶颗粒体积的气溶胶体积尺寸分布（VSD）表现出双峰结构，清晰识别出的细颗粒和粗颗粒位于0.11-0.19μm和3.86-5.06μm半径范围内。分析不对称性（ASY）参数，单散射反照率（SSA）以及实数和虚数折射率（RRI和IRI）表明，秋季和冬季，粗模式粒子占优势。和春季和夏季的精细模式粒子。平均气溶胶直接辐射强迫（ARF）在表面表现出降温效果（SRF），并在大气中显着变暖（ATM）。大气加热速率从0.40±0.21 K天^-1（秋季）至0.64±0.38 K天^-1（冬季）。结果表明，在研究期内明斯克地区的气溶胶光学，物理性质和类型发生了明显变化。