Aims

Plant roots assemble unique microbial communities in rhizosphere, which are critical for plant adapting to natural environment. Given the pivotal importance of plant-microbe interactions, this study was conducted to uncover the assembly of Artemisia annua on root-associated bacterial and fungal communities and their co-occurrence networks.

Methods

Soil samples were collected from a field experiment with 7-year plantation of Artemisia annua, including unplanted, bulk and rhizosphere soil. The microbial communities were investigated by amplicon sequencing targeting bacteria and fungi.

Results

The soil microbiomes were highly diverse among the three treatments. Bacterial and fungal communities were significantly influenced by AP (available phosphorus), AK (available potassium), TOC (total organic carbon), TN (total nitrogen) and WSN (water soluble nitrogen). Two plant growth-promoting bacteria, Sphingomonas and Sphingobium, and the fungal ASVs defined as Saprotroph were dramatically enriched in rhizosphere. Network analysis revealed that Artemisia annua built the less complex root-associated microbial network, compared to unplanted and bulk soils. Specially, the percentage of inter-kingdom interactions between bacteria and fungi increased in rhizosphere network, and showed the highest proportion of negative relationship.

Conclusions

These results indicate that A. annua could assemble the specific root-associated microbial communities with increased abundance of plant growth promoting microorganisms and build inter-kingdom co-occurrence networks, which may be beneficial for the fitness of plants to natural environment.

中文翻译：

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青蒿根际微生物群落的组装：促进植物生长的微生物的募集以及细菌与真菌之间的相互作用

目的

植物根部在根际组装独特的微生物群落，这对于植物适应自然环境至关重要。考虑到植物与微生物相互作用的关键重要性，进行了这项研究以揭示青蒿在与根相关的细菌和真菌群落及其共生网络上的组装。

方法

土壤样品是从7年青蒿种植的田间试验中收集的，包括未种植的土壤，块状土壤和根际土壤。通过针对细菌和真菌的扩增子测序研究了微生物群落。

结果

在三种处理中，土壤微生物群落高度不同。细菌和真菌群落受到AP（有效磷），AK（有效钾），TOC（有机碳总量），TN（总氮）和WSN（水溶性氮）的影响。两种植物的生长促进细菌，鞘氨醇单胞菌和鞘氨醇单胞菌，以及被定义为腐生菌的真菌ASV，在根际中大量富集。网络分析表明，与未种植的土壤和散装土壤相比，青蒿建立了较不复杂的与根相关的微生物网络。特别地，在根际网络中细菌与真菌之间的王国间相互作用的百分比增加，并且表现出负相关的比例最高。

结论

这些结果表明，A。annua可以组装特定的与根相关的微生物群落，并具有大量促进植物生长的微生物，并建立王国间共生网络，这可能有利于植物适应自然环境。