Significance: There is an essential need to develop wearable multimodality technologies that can continuously measure both blood flow and oxygenation in deep tissues to investigate and manage various vascular/cellular diseases. Aim: To develop a wearable dual-wavelength diffuse speckle contrast flow oximetry (DSCFO) for simultaneous measurements of blood flow and oxygenation variations in deep tissues. Approach: A wearable fiber-free DSCFO probe was fabricated using 3D printing to confine two small near-infrared laser diodes and a tiny CMOS camera in positions for DSCFO measurements. The spatial diffuse speckle contrast and light intensity measurements at the two different wavelengths enable quantification of tissue blood flow and oxygenation, respectively. The DSCFO was first calibrated using tissue phantoms and then tested in adult forearms during artery cuff occlusion. Results: Phantom tests determined the largest effective source–detector distance (15 mm) and optimal camera exposure time (10 ms) and verified the accuracy of DSCFO in measuring absorption coefficient variations. The DSCFO detected substantial changes in forearm blood flow and oxygenation resulting from the artery occlusion, which meet physiological expectations and are consistent with previous study results. Conclusions: The wearable DSCFO may be used for continuous and simultaneous monitoring of blood flow and oxygenation variations in freely behaving subjects.

中文翻译：

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使用可穿戴无光纤光学传感器同时测量组织血流量和氧合

意义：迫切需要开发可穿戴多模态技术，以持续测量深部组织的血流量和氧合，以研究和管理各种血管/细胞疾病。目的：开发一种可穿戴的双波长漫斑对比血氧饱和度仪 (DSCFO)，用于同时测量深部组织的血流和氧合变化。方法：使用 3D 打印制造可穿戴无光纤 DSCFO 探头，将两个小型近红外激光二极管和一个微型 CMOS 相机限制在用于 DSCFO 测量的位置。两种不同波长下的空间漫散散斑对比度和光强度测量分别能够量化组织血流量和氧合。DSCFO 首先使用组织模型进行校准，然后在动脉袖套闭塞期间在成人前臂中进行测试。结果：体模测试确定了最大有效源-探测器距离 (15 mm) 和最佳相机曝光时间 (10 ms)，并验证了 DSCFO 在测量吸收系数变化方面的准确性。DSCFO 检测到由动脉闭塞引起的前臂血流和氧合发生实质性变化，这符合生理预期并与之前的研究结果一致。结论：可穿戴 DSCFO 可用于连续和同时监测自由行为受试者的血流和氧合变化。体模测试确定了最大有效源-探测器距离 (15 mm) 和最佳相机曝光时间 (10 ms)，并验证了 DSCFO 在测量吸收系数变化方面的准确性。DSCFO 检测到由动脉闭塞引起的前臂血流和氧合发生实质性变化，这符合生理预期并与之前的研究结果一致。结论：可穿戴 DSCFO 可用于连续和同时监测自由行为受试者的血流和氧合变化。体模测试确定了最大有效源-探测器距离 (15 mm) 和最佳相机曝光时间 (10 ms)，并验证了 DSCFO 在测量吸收系数变化方面的准确性。DSCFO 检测到由动脉闭塞引起的前臂血流和氧合发生实质性变化，这符合生理预期并与之前的研究结果一致。结论：可穿戴 DSCFO 可用于连续和同时监测自由行为受试者的血流和氧合变化。