The detection of post-earthquake damage inside concrete dams has recently attracted great interest in academia and industry. A novel electromechanical impedance (EMI) method using embedded EMI sensors (EMISs) is proposed in this paper to detect earthquake-induced damage within concrete dams. The basic concept of the proposed EMI method is to use high-frequency excitations to monitor local changes in the monitored dams caused by damage. Based on the effective impedance, a three-dimensional (3D) EMI model for embedded EMISs is proposed. Then, a new damage-sensitive feature factor is derived based on the proposed 3D EMI model. A high arch dam model with embedded EMISs is studied experimentally. Moreover, shaking table tests are conducted on the dam model. The proposed 3D EMI method is used to monitor the evolution of earthquake-induced damage inside the dam model. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and feasibility of the proposed EMI method for detecting earthquake-induced damage in concrete dams.

最近，对混凝土大坝内部震后破坏的检测引起了学术界和工业界的极大兴趣。提出了一种使用嵌入式EMI传感器（EMISs）的新型机电阻抗（EMI）方法来检测混凝土坝内地震引起的破坏。提出的EMI方法的基本概念是使用高频激励来监视由损坏引起的受监控坝体的局部变化。基于有效阻抗，提出了用于嵌入式EMIS的三维（3D）EMI模型。然后，基于提出的3D EMI模型，得出了新的损伤敏感特征因子。实验研究了带有嵌入式EMIS的高拱坝模型。此外，在坝模型上进行了振动台测试。所提出的3D EMI方法用于监测大坝模型内部地震诱发的损伤的演变。实验结果证明了所提出的EMI方法检测混凝土大坝地震引起的损伤的有效性和可行性。