Background: Growing concerns over ethical issues in mentoring in medicine and surgery have hindered efforts to reinitiate mentoring for Palliative Care (PC) physicians following the easing of COVID-19 restrictions. Ranging from the misappropriation of mentee’s work to bullying, ethical issues in mentoring are attributed to poor understanding and structuring of mentoring programs, underlining the need for a consistent approach to mentoring practices. Methods: Given diverse practices across different settings and the employ of various methodologies, a novel approach to narrative reviews (NR)s is proposed to summarize, interpret, and critique prevailing data on novice mentoring. To overcome prevailing concerns surrounding the reproducibility and transparency of narrative reviews, the Systematic Evidenced Based Approach (SEBA) adopts a structured approach to searching and summarizing the included articles and employed concurrent content and thematic analysis that was overseen by a team of experts. Results: A total of 18 915 abstracts were reviewed, 62 full text articles evaluated and 41 articles included. Ten themes/categories were ascertained identified including Nature; Stakeholders; Relationship; Approach; Environment; Benefits; Barriers; Assessments; Theories and Definitions. Conclusion: By compiling and scrutinizing prevailing practice it is possible to appreciate the notion of the mentoring ecosystem which sees each mentee, mentor, and host organization brings with them their own microenvironment that contains their respective goals, abilities, and contextual considerations. Built around competency based mentoring stages, it is possible to advance a flexible yet consistent novice mentoring framework.

中文翻译：

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加强姑息治疗指导：基于证据的指导框架

背景：随着 COVID-19 限制的放宽，对医学和外科指导中伦理问题的日益关注阻碍了重新启动对姑息治疗 (PC) 医生的指导的努力。从盗用受训者的工作到欺凌，指导中的道德问题归因于对指导计划的理解和结构不足，强调了对指导实践采取一致方法的必要性。方法：鉴于不同环境下的不同实践和各种方法的采用，提出了一种新的叙事评论 (NR) 方法来总结、解释和批评关于新手指导的普遍数据。为了克服围绕叙述性评论的可重复性和透明度的普遍担忧，系统循证方法 (SEBA) 采用结构化方法来搜索和总结所包含的文章，并采用由专家团队监督的并行内容和主题分析。结果：共审阅摘要18915篇，评价全文62篇，收录41篇。确定了十个主题/类别，包括自然；利益相关者；关系; 方法; 环境; 好处; 障碍；评估；理论和定义。结论：通过汇编和审查流行的实践，可以理解指导生态系统的概念，每个受训者、指导者和主办组织都会带来他们自己的微环境，其中包含他们各自的目标、能力和背景考虑。