Peter Orlebar Bishop was an Australian neurophysiologist renowned for his ingenious quantitative approach to study of the mammalian visual system and great ability to attract a large number of talented people to visual research. Peter’s research was based on specially designed, precise instrumentation and data quantification applied mainly to analysis of the response properties of single neurones in the principal dorsal thalamic visual relay nucleus, the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGNd) and the primary visual cortex. This quantitative bent was evident throughout Bishop’s entire research career: starting with the design and construction of innovative DC amplifiers; through to his quantitative analysis of optics—‘schematic eye’ for the cat, which rivaled Gullstrand’s schematic eye for humans; to creating and demonstrating validity of the concept of ‘projection lines’ in the representation of contralateral visual field in different cellular layers of the LGNd of mammals with frontally positioned eyes and discovery of a very substantial binocular input to single LGNd neurones. The engineering approach of Peter was probably at its heuristic peak when it revealed many details of binocular interactions at the level of single neurones in the primary visual cortex—the interactions that appear to underpin overall mechanisms underlying stereopsis, the high precision binocular depth sense.

中文翻译：

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Peter Orlebar Bishop 1917?2012

Peter Orlebar Bishop 是澳大利亚的神经生理学家，以其对哺乳动物视觉系统研究的巧妙定量方法和吸引大量有才华的人从事视觉研究的能力而闻名。Peter 的研究基于专门设计的、精确的仪器和数据量化，主要应用于分析主要背侧丘脑视觉中继核、背外侧膝状体 (LGNd) 和初级视觉皮层中单个神经元的反应特性。在 Bishop 的整个研究生涯中，这种量化倾向是显而易见的：从创新直流放大器的设计和构建开始；通过他对光学的定量分析——猫的“示意图眼”，与古尔斯特兰德对人类的示意图眼相媲美；创建和证明“投影线”概念在具有正面定位的哺乳动物 LGNd 的不同细胞层中对侧视野的表示中的有效性，并发现了对单个 LGNd 神经元的非常大量的双眼输入。当彼得的工程方法揭示了初级视觉皮层中单个神经元水平的双眼相互作用的许多细节时，它的工程方法可能处于其启发式的高峰期——这些相互作用似乎支持立体视觉的整体机制，即高精度的双眼深度感。