This paper tells us a complex story on the historic evolution of preventive conservation of architectural heritage in Italy. Firstly, it introduces Cesare Brandi's Theory of Restoration, pointing out the peculiar sense of the word Restoration in Brandi's system other than the common sense in the international discourse, the limits of Brandi's theory to architectural conservation and his prophecy on preventive restoration. Then it talks about the different framework and practices of preventive conservation in the field of built heritage compared to the museum sector, the milestone of Giovanni Urbani's pilot project on programmed conservation and the leading role of the Risk Map of Cultural Heritage. Finally, based on the discussions of the durable change in the architectural conservation field after the Venice Charter, including the teaching in Milan School, the debate and re-definition of architectural conservation and the advance definitions of conservation, prevention, maintenance and restoration in the 2004 National Code of Cultural Heritage and Landscape, it gives us an agenda for future trends of planned conservation with aims to conserve the material authenticity and promote the co-evolutional strategy.

本文向我们讲述了意大利预防性建筑遗产保护的历史演变的复杂故事。首先，介绍了塞萨雷·布兰迪的恢复理论，指出了布兰迪体系中“恢复”一词的特殊含义，而不是国际话语中的常识，布兰迪的理论对建筑保护的局限性以及他关于预防性恢复的预言。然后，它讨论了与博物馆部门相比，建筑遗产领域的预防性保护的不同框架和做法，乔瓦尼·乌尔巴尼（Giovanni Urbani）关于程序保护的试点项目的里程碑，以及文化遗产风险地图的领导作用。最后，根据对《威尼斯宪章》之后建筑保护领域的持久变化的讨论，