Objective:Despite consensus that personality influences mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) recovery, it has been underexamined. We evaluated the extent to which diverse personality and psychiatric symptom dimensions predict mTBI recovery.Methods:This prospective cohort study involved psychological assessments of hospital patients with mTBI (n = 75; median = 2 days post-injury, range = 0–12 days) and orthopedic trauma controls (OTC; n = 79) who were used for comparison in mediation modeling. Chronic symptoms were evaluated at 3 months after mTBI (n = 50) using the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT) symptom checklist. Linear regression analyses were used to identify the predominant predictors of chronic symptoms in mTBI. Modern mediation analyses tested the hypothesis that personality traits predict chronic symptoms through acute psychological response to injury.Results:In mTBI, trait psychoticism directly predicted chronic mTBI symptoms and was the strongest personality predictor overall. Furthermore, an internalizing personality dimension emphasizing negative affect/emotionality and detachment predicted chronic mTBI symptoms indirectly through enhancement of acute somatic complaints. In OTC, internalizing personality acted through the same mediator as in mTBI, whereas the effect of psychoticism was also mediated through acute somatic complaints. There was varying support for a moderated direct effect of personality traits at low levels of positive emotionality across models.Conclusion:These causal models provide novel insights about the role of personality in mTBI symptom recovery, highlighting the complexity of how psychological processes may interact to affect recovery and revealing that some of these processes may be non-specific to brain injury.

中文翻译：

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人格特征和急性症状反应预测轻度创伤性脑损伤后的慢性症状

目的：尽管人格影响轻度创伤性脑损伤 (mTBI) 恢复这一共识已被低估。我们评估了不同人格和精神症状维度预测 mTBI 恢复的程度。方法：这项前瞻性队列研究涉及对住院 mTBI 患者的心理评估（n= 75; 中位数 = 受伤后 2 天，范围 = 0-12 天）和骨科创伤对照（OTC；n= 79) 用于在中介建模中进行比较。在 mTBI 后 3 个月评估慢性症状（n= 50) 使用运动脑震荡评估工具 (SCAT) 症状检查表。线性回归分析用于确定 mTBI 慢性症状的主要预测因子。现代中介分析检验了人格特质通过对损伤的急性心理反应来预测慢性症状的假设。结果：在mTBI中，特质精神病直接预测慢性mTBI症状，是总体上最强的人格预测因子。此外，强调负面情感/情绪和分离的内化人格维度通过增强急性躯体症状间接预测慢性 mTBI 症状。在 OTC 中，内化人格通过与 mTBI 相同的中介发挥作用，而精神病的影响也通过急性躯体主诉介导。