ABSTRACT

Research on individual differences in the occurrence of relatively frequent facial displays is scarce. We examined whether (1) individuals’ spontaneous facial expressions show a relatively frequent pattern of AUs (referred to as Personal Nonverbal Repertoires or PNRs), and (2) whether these patterns are associated with self-reported social and emotional styles. We videotaped 110 individuals during 10 minutes in 2 different contexts and manually FACS coded 18 AUs. Subsequently, participants completed questionnaires regarding individual differences in social and emotional styles: BIS/BAS, interpersonal orientation, conflict handling style, and emotion regulation (reliably reduced to 4 factors: Yielding, Forcing, Compromising and Extraversion). We found five patterns of PNRs: Smiling (AU6,12), Partial Blinking, Drooping (AU41, 63), Tensed (AU1 + 2, 4, 7, 23), and Eyes widening (AU5). Three PNRs showed weak to moderate correlations with individual differences in social and emotional styles (based on EFA): Smiling is associated with Compromising and Extraversion, Drooping with Yielding, and Partial Blinking is negatively correlated with Extraversion. These findings suggest that some of an individual’s frequent facial action patterns are associated with specific styles in social and emotional interactions.

摘要

对相对频繁的面部显示发生的个体差异的研究很少。我们检查了 (1) 个人的自发面部表情是否显示出相对频繁的 AU 模式（称为个人非语言曲目或 PNR），以及 (2) 这些模式是否与自我报告的社交和情感风格相关。我们在 10 分钟内在 2 个不同的上下文中对 110 个人进行了录像，并手动 FACS 编码了 18 个 AU。随后，参与者完成了关于社会和情感风格个体差异的问卷：BIS/BAS、人际关系取向、冲突处理风格和情绪调节（可靠地减少到 4 个因素：屈服、强迫、妥协和外向）。我们发现了五种 PNR 模式：微笑（AU6,12）、部分闪烁、下垂（AU41、63）、紧张（AU1 + 2、4、7, 23) 和扩大眼睛 (AU5)。三个 PNR 与社会和情绪风格的个体差异（基于 EFA）显示出弱到中等的相关性：微笑与妥协和外向相关，下垂与屈服，部分眨眼与外向负相关。这些发现表明，个人的一些频繁面部动作模式与社交和情感互动中的特定风格有关。