This academic thought piece provides an overview of the history of, and current trends in, publishing practices in the scientific fields known to the authors (chemical sciences, social sciences and humanities), as well as a discussion of how open access mandates such as Plan S from cOAlition S will affect these practices. It begins by summarizing the evolution of scientific publishing, in particular how it was shaped by the learned societies, and highlights how important quality assurance and scientific management mechanisms are being challenged by the recent introduction of ever more stringent open access mandates. The authors then discuss the various reactions of the researcher community to the introduction of Plan S, and elucidate a number of concerns: that it will push researchers towards a pay-to-publish system which will inevitably create new divisions between those who can afford to get their research published and those who cannot; that it will disrupt collaboration between researchers on the different sides of cOAlition S funding; and that it will have an impact on academic freedom of research and publishing. The authors analyse the dissemination of, and responses to, an open letter distributed and signed in reaction to the introduction of Plan S, before concluding with some thoughts on the potential for evolution of open access in scientific publishing.

中文翻译：

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期刊开放获取和计划 S：解决问题还是转移负担？

这篇学术思想文章概述了作者已知的科学领域（化学科学、社会科学和人文科学）的出版实践的历史和当前趋势，并讨论了开放获取授权，如计划来自 cOAlition S 的 S 将影响这些实践。它首先总结了科学出版的演变，特别是学术团体如何塑造它，并强调了最近引入的更严格的开放获取要求对质量保证和科学管理机制的挑战有多么重要。然后作者讨论了研究人员社区对 Plan S 的引入的各种反应，并阐明了一些关注点：它将推动研究人员走向付费出版系统，这将不可避免地在有能力发表研究的人和不能发表研究的人之间产生新的分歧；它将破坏 cOAlition S 资助的不同方面的研究人员之间的合作；并且它将对研究和出版的学术自由产生影响。作者分析了为响应计划 S 的引入而分发和签署的公开信的传播和回应，然后对科学出版中开放获取的发展潜力进行了一些思考。并且它将对研究和出版的学术自由产生影响。作者分析了为响应计划 S 的引入而分发和签署的公开信的传播和回应，然后对科学出版中开放获取的发展潜力进行了一些思考。并且它将对研究和出版的学术自由产生影响。作者分析了为响应计划 S 的引入而分发和签署的公开信的传播和回应，然后对科学出版中开放获取的发展潜力进行了一些思考。