Research on residential posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment has predominantly focused on the U.S. veteran population, whereas limited research exists regarding active duty service members. The present study evaluated outcomes among service members who received treatment in the Department of Defense's only residential PTSD program, Overcoming Adversity and Stress Injury Support (OASIS). Over a 5-year period, 289 male service members with combat-related PTSD received treatment in the program. Service members completed an initial assessment and weekly PTSD and depression self-report measures during the 10-week program. Multilevel modeling results demonstrated statistically significant reductions in PTSD. On average, participants reported a 0.76-point reduction on the PTSD Checklist, B = −0.76, p < .001, for each additional week of treatment. Pretreatment symptom scores and fitness-for-duty status predicted PTSD symptoms across time. Weekly changes in depression symptoms were not statistically significant; however, a significant Time × Pretreatment Depression Severity interaction emerged. Service members with higher baseline levels of depression severity showed larger reductions in depression symptom severity than those with lower levels, B = −0.02, p = .020, although a sizeable minority continued to retain symptoms at diagnostic levels. Depression symptom change was not related to any other treatment- or service-related variables. Differing trajectories were found between service members whose symptoms improved over the course of residential treatment and those who did not. The results indicate that there were larger improvements in PTSD than depression symptoms and highlight the need to optimize care provision for service members with severe PTSD or comorbid symptoms.

中文翻译：

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克服逆境和压力性损伤支持 (OASIS)：患有创伤后应激障碍的美国军人住院治疗结果评估


关于住宅创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）治疗的研究主要集中在美国退伍军人群体，而针对现役军人的研究有限。本研究评估了在国防部唯一的住院创伤后应激障碍项目“克服逆境和压力损伤支持”(OASIS) 中接受治疗的军人的结果。在 5 年的时间里，289 名患有与战斗相关的创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 的男性军人在该计划中接受了治疗。在为期 10 周的计划中，服役人员完成了初步评估以及每周的创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症自我报告措施。多层次建模结果显示，创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）在统计上显着减少。平均而言，治疗每增加一周，参与者的 PTSD 检查表就会减少 0.76 分， B = -0.76， p < .001。治疗前症状评分和适合工作状态可以预测随时间推移的 PTSD 症状。抑郁症状的每周变化没有统计学意义；然而，出现了显着的时间×治疗前抑郁严重程度的交互作用。抑郁严重程度基线水平较高的服役人员比水平较低的服役人员表现出更大的抑郁症状严重程度降低， B = -0.02， p = .020，尽管相当一部分人继续将症状保留在诊断水平。抑郁症状的变化与任何其他治疗或服务相关的变量无关。在住院治疗过程中症状有所改善的军人和没有改善的军人之间发现了不同的轨迹。 结果表明，与抑郁症状相比，创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 的改善更大，并强调需要优化为患有严重创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 或共病症状的军人提供的护理服务。