This article argues for gendering affective citizenship and humanitarianism. Both of these ‘regimes of care’ are understood to work through benevolent affect, to mobilize citizens in the wake of the retrenchment of the welfare state. Ethnography with Italian-origin women volunteers at a Milanese association shows that the affect and motivations of affective citizens can starkly deviate from benevolence and ‘do-gooderism’. Analyses of post-Fordist affective citizenship focus on the shift from waged labour and state-mediated forms of social security to precarious labour and privatized responsibilities for welfare, implicitly centring the (male) breadwinner as the subject of these transformations. By contrast, this article seeks to call attention to the continuities in unwaged care. In so doing, it shows how the Fordist legacy of gendered citizenship ‘haunts’ its post-Fordist affective and humanitarian reconfigurations and highlights the contradictions and contestations that mark ongoing transformations of social citizenship in Europe.

本文主张将情感公民和人道主义归纳为性别。这两种“照护制度”被理解为通过仁慈的情感发挥作用，在福利国家紧缩后动员公民。与米兰一家协会的意大利籍女性志愿者进行的人种志研究表明，情感公民的情感和动机可能与慈善和“善良主义”截然不同。对后福特主义情感公民身份的分析着眼于从有偿劳动和国家主导的社会保障形式向不稳定的劳动和私有化的福利责任的转变，隐含地将（男性）养家糊口者作为这些转变的主题。相比之下，本文力图引起人们对无薪护理中连续性的关注。这样，